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<urlset xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9" xmlns:image="http://www.google.com/schemas/sitemap-image/1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9 http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9/sitemap.xsd"><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/11/30/ontario-needs-to-readjust-its-provincial-electoral-boundaries-regularly/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/ros-2013-2023-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>ROs, 2013 &amp; 2023</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/ro-2023-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>RO, 2023</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/ro-2013-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>RO, 2013</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/ro-2003-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>RO, 2003</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/ontarios-eds.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Ontario's EDs</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2026-04-03T15:48:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2026/04/03/the-last-gasp-of-redistribution-2022-changing-the-names-of-ridings/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/changing-the-names-in-ontario.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Changing the Names in Ontario</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2026-04-03T15:46:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/about/publications/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/bowden-macdonald-2012-mcguintys-prorogation.jpg</image:loc><image:title>McGuinty Had Every Right to Prorogue</image:title><image:caption>SAMSUNG DIGITAL CAMERA</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2026-04-02T01:27:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2026/03/30/albertas-provincial-electoral-boundaries-commission/</loc><lastmod>2026-03-29T23:28:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/about/citations-of-my-work/</loc><lastmod>2026-02-13T15:30:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2026/02/11/rob-lantz-re-becomes-premier-of-prince-edward-island/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/2026-02-09-lg-premier.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2026-02-09 LG &amp; Premier</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/2025-12-12-lg-premier.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2025-12-12 LG &amp; Premier</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/2025-02-21-lg-premier.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2025-02-21 LG &amp; Premier</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2026-02-15T01:03:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/10/25/ousting-party-leaders-from-the-king-doctrine-to-the-unenforceable-reform-act/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/customimage231020242313592103162918105599447.jpg</image:loc><image:title>custom image 231020242313592103162918105599447.</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2026-01-28T16:06:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/</loc><lastmod>2026-01-28T15:52:49+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/blog-posts/</loc><lastmod>2026-01-16T20:18:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/about/</loc><lastmod>2026-01-06T19:48:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2026/01/01/my-new-bookchapter-from-the-university-of-adelaide-press/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/table-of-contents.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Table of Contents</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/executive-power-and-the-royal-prerogative-in-the-commonwealth.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Executive Power and the Royal Prerogative in the Commonwealth</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2026-01-01T11:13:30+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/12/18/the-progressive-conservative-succession-crisis-and-the-oscillating-premiership-of-prince-edward-island-in-2025/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-21T14:56:58+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/12/16/the-natural-governing-party-a-canadian-political-meme-misquoted-or-morphed/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/natural-governing-party.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Natural Governing Party</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-12-19T14:53:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/electoral-boundaries-readjustment-acts-and-other-statutes-1960s-2020s/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-08T19:22:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/all-representation-acts-and-federal-electoral-districts-1860s-1950s/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-08T02:44:40+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/the-representation-formulas/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-07T22:10:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/federal-electoral-boundaries-commissions-1990s/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-07T22:08:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/federal-electoral-boundaries-commissions-2020s/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-07T22:08:09+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/federal-electoral-boundaries-commissions-2010s/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-07T22:08:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/federal-electoral-boundaries-commissions-2000s/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-07T22:07:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/federal-electoral-boundaries-commissions-1980s-completed/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-07T22:07:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/federal-electoral-boundaries-commissions-1980s-abandoned/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-07T22:07:41+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/federal-electoral-boundaries-commissions-1970s-completed/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-07T22:07:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/federal-electoral-boundaries-commissions-early-1970s/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-07T22:07:26+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/federal-electoral-boundaries-commissions-1960s/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-07T22:07:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/explaining-the-statistics-and-methodology-of-the-datatables-and-graphs/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-07T22:07:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/book-on-readjusting-electoral-boundaries/federal-electoral-boundaries-commissions-1960s-2020s/</loc><lastmod>2025-12-07T21:24:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/10/06/premier-wab-kinew-wants-to-make-manitoba-the-second-officially-bilingual-province/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/franco-manitoban-flag.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Franco-Manitoban Flag</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-10-07T01:04:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/09/30/some-thoughts-on-gerrymandering-and-mid-term-redistricting-in-the-united-states/</loc><lastmod>2025-10-01T02:51:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/08/26/single-member-electoral-districts-cannot-be-unconstitutional-because-they-form-part-of-the-constitution-of-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/mmpr-stv.jpg</image:loc><image:title>MMPR-STV</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-08-25T21:09:45+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/06/28/mark-carney-first-asked-his-majesty-the-king-to-deliver-the-next-speech-from-the-throne-back-in-march-says-george-osbourne/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/king-of-canada-meetings-pm-of-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>King of Canada Meetings PM of Canada</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-06-28T16:14:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/05/23/updates-on-the-reform-act-and-fixed-date-elections/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/reform-act.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Reform Act</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-05-31T15:01:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/05/24/review-of-the-crisis-of-canadian-democracy-by-andrew-coyne/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/photo-of-bookcover.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Photo of Bookcover</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-05-27T20:57:03+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/04/30/more-arthur-meighen-than-brian-mulroney-pierre-poilievre-might-soon-confront-the-reform-act/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/130.jpg</image:loc><image:title>130</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/129.jpg</image:loc><image:title>129</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/carleton-in-1942-and-2025.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Carleton in 1942 and 2025</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/poilievre-loses-his-riding.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Poilievre Loses His Riding</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-05-02T11:36:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/parliamentary-and-constitutional-documents/canada/</loc><lastmod>2025-03-26T15:48:10+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/03/10/the-upcoming-transfer-of-power-between-justin-trudeau-and-mark-carney/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/2015-11-04-gg-names-trudeau-pm-designate-on-20-oct.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2015-11-04, GG Names Trudeau PM-Designate on 20 Oct</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/2006-01-26-gg-makes-harper-pm-designate.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2006-01-26, GG Makes Harper PM-Designate</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/carney-wins-the-liberal-leadership.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Carney Wins the Liberal Leadership</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-03-26T14:24:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/03/01/doug-ford-wins-snap-election-on-an-extremely-unequal-electoral-map/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/doug-ford-e1740797748669.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Doug Ford</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-03-10T23:21:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/12/05/with-andor-star-wars-finally-gets-politics-right/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/imperial-senate-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Imperial Senate 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/imperial-senate-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Imperial Senate 1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-03-10T14:08:45+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/01/08/why-john-turner-had-no-option/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/picture1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Picture1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-03-07T02:39:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/02/19/nova-scotia-poised-to-repeal-its-fixed-date-elections-law/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/nova-scotias-house-of-assembly.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nova Scotia's House of Assembly</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-02-20T00:37:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/02/03/trumps-tariffs-will-make-america-expensive-again/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/the-national-policy-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The National Policy 2</image:title><image:caption>The pro-tariff factions of the Canada and the United States relied on similar political propaganda, showing citizens prospering under tariffs and ordinary workers and farmers left destitute under free trade.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/the-national-policy-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The National Policy 1</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/mckinleys-tariff.jpg</image:loc><image:title>McKinley's Tariff</image:title><image:caption>Trump admires William McKinley and his high tariffs</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/lawrence-martin-and-henry-clay.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Lawrence Martin and Henry Clay</image:title><image:caption>I can't be the only one who sees the likeness between Canadian journalist Lawrence Martin and American politician Henry Clay</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2025-02-03T12:55:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/01/23/the-longest-serving-prime-minister-in-the-commonwealth/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/sir-john-a.-macdonald.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Sir John A. Macdonald</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-01-24T13:22:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2025/01/06/justin-trudeau-had-an-epiphany-and-endorsed-my-doctrine-on-prorogation/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/justins-papers-blow-away.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Justin's Papers Blow Away</image:title><image:caption>CPAC cut off the rest of footage showing the rest of the papers blowing away before Trudeau emerged, but this portion at least remained visible as perhaps a bad omen equivalent to Rishi Sunak's speech in the rain in 2024.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/williamson-2024-12-27-pledge-to-repeat-the-2005-precedent.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Williamson (2024-12-27) Pledge to Repeat the 2005 Precedent</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2025-01-07T01:46:02+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/12/27/my-new-article-on-canadian-sub-imperialism-in-the-commonwealth-caribbean/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/article.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Article</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-12-26T20:18:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/12/24/savoie-ne-sait-pas-the-governor-general-of-canada-does-not-unadjourn-the-house-of-commons/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/20241224_1211167992434501117186644.jpg</image:loc><image:title>20241224_1211167992434501117186644</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-12-24T18:55:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/12/23/all-i-want-for-christmas-is-a-constitutional-crisis/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/2024-12-20-singhs-open-letter-withdrawing-confidence.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2024-12-20 Singh's Open Letter Withdrawing Confidence</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/2024-12-20-poilievres-letter-to-the-gg-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2024-12-20 Poilievre's Letter to the GG 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/2024-12-20-poilievres-letter-to-the-gg-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2024-12-20 Poilievre's Letter to the GG 1</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/2024-12-freelands-resignation-letter.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2024-12 Freeland's Resignation Letter</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-12-25T02:26:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/12/10/a-time-when-america-would-have-given-us-seven-states/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/map-of-the-us-under-bankss-bill.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Map of the US under Banks's Bill</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-12-20T16:18:41+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/04/why-the-finance-minister-is-the-most-important-after-the-prime-minister/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/o-canada-in-all-of-us.jpg</image:loc><image:title>O Canada (in all of us)</image:title><image:caption>“True patriot love in all of us command” replicates the same grammar as the line that it would replace – but it certainly sounds worse and less poetic. The line is a second-person imperative written in a poetic verse such that the object, or complement, appears before the verb. Since it’s an imperative sentence, the implicit but unstated subject is “You”, referring to “Canada.”
</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/o-canada-all-thy-sons.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Current Lyrics of O Canada</image:title><image:caption>“True patriot love in all thy sons command” is a second-person imperative written in a poetic verse such that the object, or complement, appears before the verb. Since it’s an imperative sentence, the implicit but unstated subject is “You”, referring to “Canada.”
</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/brown-and-martin-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Brown and Martin 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/blair-and-chretien-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Blair and Chretien 2</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-12-16T16:54:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/06/11/replacing-the-prime-minister-during-an-election-a-forgotten-canadian-precedent/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/david-cameron-in-normandy.jpg</image:loc><image:title>David Cameron in Normandy</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/rishi-in-the-rain.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Rishi in the Rain</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/bowell-tupper.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Bowell-Tupper</image:title><image:caption>Sir Mackenzie Bowell and Sir Charles Tupper</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-12-16T16:54:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/08/11/manifest-destiny-meets-the-monroe-doctrine-a-bill-to-annex-all-of-british-north-america-into-the-united-states/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/monroe-doctrine.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Monroe Doctrine</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/monroe-doctrine-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Monroe Doctrine 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/manifest-destiny.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Manifest Destiny</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-12-05T17:10:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/03/05/mimetic-mendacious-mirth-the-secret-to-jean-chretiens-political-success-and-enduring-appeal/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/gif-of-putting-pepper-on-plate.gif</image:loc><image:title>Gif of Putting Pepper on Plate</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/gif-of-the-shawinigan-handshake-2.gif</image:loc><image:title>Gif of The Shawinigan Handshake 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/gif-of-the-shawinigan-handshake.gif</image:loc><image:title>Gif of The Shawinigan Handshake</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/gif-of-pie-in-the-face.gif</image:loc><image:title>Gif of Pie in the Face</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/the-libranos.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Libranos</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/the-shawinigan-handshake.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Shawinigan Handshake</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/the-chretien-shrug.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Chretien Shrug</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/re-creating-the-shawinigan-handshake-8.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Re-creating the Shawinigan Handshake 8</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/re-creating-the-shawinigan-handshake-7.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Re-creating the Shawinigan Handshake 7</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/re-creating-the-shawinigan-handshake-5.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Re-creating the Shawinigan Handshake 5</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-12-03T19:05:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/11/22/the-presidential-bicameral-adjournment-clause-is-almost-an-american-equivalent-to-prorogation/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/congress.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Congress</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-11-22T14:37:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/11/12/tim-houstons-snap-election-in-nova-scotia/</loc><lastmod>2024-11-13T00:50:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/11/02/journalists-refuse-to-report-on-incumbent-premiers-accurately/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/standard-of-the-lg-of-bc.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Standard of the LG of BC</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/standards-of-the-lgs-of-bc-sk.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Standards of the LGs of BC &amp; SK</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-11-02T13:07:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/11/01/more-fixed-date-election-foibles-delaying-the-scheduled-federal-general-election-by-one-week/</loc><lastmod>2024-11-03T15:09:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/10/24/dissenting-liberal-mps-fail-to-thatcher-trudeau/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/trudeau-applauded.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Trudeau Applauded</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/thatcher-feted.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Thatcher Feted</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-10-24T17:24:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/09/25/i-had-no-option/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/you-had-an-option-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>You Had An Option</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-09-25T21:21:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/11/05/question-period-and-the-administrative-responsibility-of-federal-ministers/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/speakers-chair.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Speaker's Chair</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-09-23T19:11:20+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/08/11/doug-fords-gibberish-on-gerrymandering-why-ontario-needs-its-own-separate-provincial-electoral-boundaries-commission/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/ford-at-press-conference.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Ford at Press Conference</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/eastern-and-northern-gta.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Eastern and Northern GTA</image:title><image:caption>The ridings all roughly quadrilateral; where they gain more than four sides, it is because they follow either a major arterial road or highway which separates communities of interest, or a body of water like a creek or Lake Ontario itself.  </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/texas-and-_39_s-33rd-photo-u1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>texas-and-_39_s-33rd-photo-u1</image:title><image:caption>Such an electoral district would never exist in Canada. </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/illinois-and-_39_-4th-photo-u1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>illinois-and-_39_-4th-photo-u1</image:title><image:caption>The infamous "Earmuffs District" in Illinois just barely remains contiguous but looks ridiculous and clearly suffers from horrendous gerrymandering. </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/35105.jpg</image:loc><image:title>35105</image:title><image:caption>Even Canadian federal electoral districts which appear at first place non-compact remain contiguous. Ridings like Thunder Bay--Rainy River also become less quadrilateral and more multi-sided because they follow the course of international or interprovincial borders, or bodies of water -- which does not signify gerrymandering. </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-09-23T16:50:20+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/08/10/a-review-of-the-play-1979-and-joe-clarks-legacy/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/pierre-trudeau-in-1979-leaders-debate.gif</image:loc><image:title>Pierre Trudeau in 1979 Leaders' Debate</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/trudeau-i-meme-on-clark.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Trudeau I Meme on Clark</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/talwar-and-day.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Talwar and Day</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/talwar-and-wong.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Talwar and Wong</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/john-crosbie-in-1979.jpg</image:loc><image:title>John Crosbie in 1979</image:title><image:caption>John Crosbie in December 1979</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/joe-clark.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Joe Clark</image:title><image:caption>Prime Minister Clark acknowledges that his government lost on a matter of confidence.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/trudeau-1979.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Trudeau, 1979</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/mansbridge-and-clark-1979.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Mansbridge and Clark, 1979</image:title><image:caption>Joe Clark and Peter Mansbridge</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/img_20170430_1316598.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20170430_1316598</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-09-13T12:31:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/07/10/the-commonwealth-realms-diverge-whether-the-prime-minister-determines-the-duration-of-the-ministry-or-not/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/canzuk-3.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Canzuk 3</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-07-10T14:35:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/parliamentary-and-constitutional-documents/canada/manual-of-official-procedure-of-the-government-of-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/main-book-cover-21.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Cover of the Manual</image:title><image:caption>Volume 1 from the national Library &amp; Archives</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-07-10T00:59:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/02/03/the-disgrace-of-boris-johnson/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/sir-keir-starmer-at-the-despatch-box.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Sir Keir Starmer at the Despatch Box</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-06-12T15:58:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/02/08/a-mature-country-does-not-demand-absolutist-party-discipline/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/44th-parliament-committee.jpg</image:loc><image:title>44th Parliament Committee</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-06-12T15:58:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/01/09/collective-ministerial-responsibility-and-impeachment-in-australia/</loc><lastmod>2024-06-12T13:50:21+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/01/04/on-collective-ministerial-responsibility-and-impeachment/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/buckinghams-impeachment.jpg</image:loc><image:title>buckinghams-impeachment</image:title><image:caption>The Duke of Buckingham's Impeachment at the Bar of the House of Lords</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-06-12T13:49:20+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/03/14/collective-parliamentary-privilege-includes-the-expulsion-of-members-of-parliament/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/appendices-on-explusion-3.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Appendices on Explusion 3</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/appendices-on-explusion-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Appendices on Explusion 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/appendices-on-explusion-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Appendices on Explusion 1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-06-12T13:48:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/05/10/senator-meredith-must-trigger-section-30-in-order-to-make-his-resignation-operative/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/reids-resignation-letter.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Reid's Resignation Letter</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/ggs-acknowledgement-of-reids-letter.jpg</image:loc><image:title>GG's Acknowledgement of Reid's Letter</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/merediths-statement.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Meredith's Statement</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-06-12T13:47:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/05/09/the-senate-acknowledges-its-authority-to-expel-its-members/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/senate-chamber.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Senate 20130528</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-06-12T13:47:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/12/07/stripping-disgraced-former-senators-of-their-honorific-title/</loc><lastmod>2024-06-12T13:47:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/03/29/shocking-intelligence-leads-to-the-expulsion-of-a-traitorous-communist-mp-from-the-house-of-commons/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/fred_rose_standing.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Fred_Rose_standing</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/fred_rose2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Fred_rose2</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-06-12T13:46:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/06/30/my-review-of-pivot-or-pirouette-the-1993-canadian-general-election-by-tom-flanagan/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/book-cover.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Book Cover</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-06-06T15:35:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/05/09/the-ever-expanding-house-of-commons-and-the-decennial-debate-over-representation-by-population/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/picture1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Picture1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-06-06T15:35:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/05/13/beyond-the-writ-the-expansion-of-the-caretaker-convention-in-the-21st-century-published-in-the-saskatchewan-law-review/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/table-of-contents-of-brock-bowden.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Table of Contents of Brock-Bowden</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-06-06T15:34:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/05/20/adjusting-federal-electoral-boundaries/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/cpr-special-issue-2024.jpg</image:loc><image:title>CPR Special Issue 2024</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/cpr-special-issue-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>CPR Special Issue 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/screenshot-of-cpr-article.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Screenshot of CPR Article</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-06-06T15:34:32+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/04/29/the-canadian-study-of-parliament-groups-conference-on-dissecting-redistribution/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/cspg-seminar.jpg</image:loc><image:title>CSPG Seminar</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-05-15T19:37:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/05/06/when-the-speaker-admonishes-the-prime-minister-for-asking-the-opposition-questions/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/speaker-hoyle.gif</image:loc><image:title>Speaker Hoyle</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hoyle.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Hoyle</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-05-05T22:32:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/05/01/when-the-speaker-diffuses-tension-with-humour-the-choral-welcome-of-october-27th-2004/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/screenshot-2024-05-01-091055.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Screenshot 2024-05-01 091055</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-05-02T02:56:41+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/04/23/out-with-the-338-in-with-the-343-the-new-federal-electoral-boundaries-just-entered-into-force-today/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/elections-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Elections Canada</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/map-viewer.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Map Viewer</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-04-24T01:30:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/11/13/fixed-date-election-laws-and-voter-turnout/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/10.-voter-turnout-in-british-columbias-provincial-general-elections-1983-2020.jpg</image:loc><image:title>10. Voter Turnout in British Columbia's Provincial General Elections, 1983-2020</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/9.-voter-turnout-in-albertas-provincial-general-elections-1982-2023.jpg</image:loc><image:title>9. Voter Turnout in Alberta's Provincial General Elections, 1982-2023</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/8.-voter-turnout-in-saskatchewans-provincial-general-elections-1982-2020.jpg</image:loc><image:title>8. Voter Turnout in Saskatchewan's Provincial General Elections, 1982-2020</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/7.-voter-turnout-in-manitobas-provincial-general-elections-1981-2023.jpg</image:loc><image:title>7. Voter Turnout in Manitoba's Provincial General Elections, 1981-2023</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/6.-voter-turnout-in-ontarios-provincial-general-elections-1981-2022.jpg</image:loc><image:title>6. Voter Turnout in Ontario's Provincial General Elections, 1981-2022</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/5.-voter-turnout-in-quebecs-provincial-elections-1981-2022.jpg</image:loc><image:title>5. Voter Turnout in Quebec's Provincial Elections, 1981-2022</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/4.-voter-turnout-in-new-brunswicks-provincial-general-elections-1982-2020.jpg</image:loc><image:title>4. Voter Turnout in New Brunswick's Provincial General Elections, 1982-2020</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/3.-voter-turnout-in-nova-scotias-provincial-general-elections-1981-2021.jpg</image:loc><image:title>3. Voter Turnout in Nova Scotia's Provincial General Elections, 1981-2021</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/2.-voter-turnout-in-prince-edward-islands-provincial-general-elections-1982-2023.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2. Voter Turnout in Prince Edward Island's Provincial General Elections, 1982-2023</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1.-voter-turnout-in-newfoundland-labradors-provincial-general-elections-1982-2021.jpg</image:loc><image:title>1. Voter Turnout in Newfoundland &amp; Labrador's Provincial General Elections, 1982-2021</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-02-25T15:56:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/02/19/happy-belated-national-flag-of-canada-day/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/wp-17083587822508822886783811060652.jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-17083587822508822886783811060652</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/wp-17083587821725709161442742080838.jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-17083587821725709161442742080838</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/wp-17083587609311788651605836278704.jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-17083587609311788651605836278704</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2024-02-19T16:52:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2024/01/03/the-gerrymander-of-1882/</loc><lastmod>2024-01-03T19:33:00+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/12/31/british-columbia-ontario-would-each-already-gain-1-new-mp-under-the-latest-population-estimates-of-q4-2023/</loc><lastmod>2024-01-01T07:51:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/11/14/quebec-acknowledges-saskatchewans-unilateral-constitutional-amendment-in-its-updated-administrative-consolidation-of-the-constitution-act-1867/</loc><lastmod>2023-11-15T00:46:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/12/07/autonomist-nationalism-in-quebec/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/crown-on-quebec.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Crown on Quebec</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2023-11-14T20:54:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/06/29/who-decides-what-the-constitution-is-and-says-quebec-modifies-the-text-of-the-constitution-act-1867/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/quebecs-consolidation-june-2022.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Quebec's Consolidation, June 2022</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/dojs-consolidation-january-2021.jpg</image:loc><image:title>DoJ's Consolidation, January 2021</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2023-11-14T20:54:38+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/11/04/the-section-45-constitutional-amendment-becomes-a-vehicle-for-provincial-autonomism/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/saskatchewan-and-quebec.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Saskatchewan and Quebec</image:title><image:caption>"A crocus and fleur-de-lis entwined. 
Autonomism forever!:</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/moe-looks-upon-legault.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Moe Looks Upon Legault</image:title><image:caption>Those are some good thinkins' there, Mr. Legault. </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2023-11-14T20:54:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/10/25/jean-chretien-shawinigan-handshakes-canadian-history/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/jean-chretien-shawinigan-handshakes-canadian-history.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Jean Chretien Shawinigan Handshakes Canadian History</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2023-10-26T13:32:57+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/09/26/anthony-rota-resigns-in-disgrace-as-speaker-of-the-house-of-commons-of-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/anthony-rota-lead-standing-ovation.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anthony Rota Lead Standing Ovation</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/anthony-rota-resigns.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anthony Rota Resigns</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2023-09-27T14:05:02+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/08/26/consensus-government-dissolving-the-legislature-in-northwest-territories/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/nwt-leg-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>NWT Leg 2</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2023-09-04T21:37:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/08/29/northwest-territories-delays-its-general-election-to-mid-november/</loc><lastmod>2023-08-29T17:19:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/06/26/canada-a-refuge-shining-city-on-a-hill-for-american-losers/</loc><lastmod>2023-07-14T14:40:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/07/01/the-canada-day-specials-2/</loc><lastmod>2023-07-01T20:17:40+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/10/12/paul-dewar-dodged-my-question-on-section-52-and-over-representation-of-quebec/</loc><lastmod>2023-04-24T20:29:02+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/02/05/on-trudeau-iis-proposals-for-electoral-reform/</loc><lastmod>2023-04-24T20:23:52+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/03/20/the-caretaker-convention-gobbles-up-more-time-and-space-the-case-of-prince-edward-island-in-2023/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/pei-caretaker.jpg</image:loc><image:title>PEI Caretaker</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2023-03-20T23:27:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/03/07/prince-edward-island-holds-third-consecutive-early-election-in-defiance-of-fixed-date-election-law/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/dennis-kings-folksy-mendacity.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Dennis King's Folksy Mendacity</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2023-03-08T14:55:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/03/20/gerontocracy-in-the-united-states-vs-the-rise-of-generation-x-in-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/old-age-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Old Age 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/old-age.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Old Age</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/ages-of-oecd-presidents-and-prime-ministers.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Ages of OECD Presidents and Prime Ministers</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/presidentagegraphln-superjumbo.png</image:loc><image:title>PresidentAgeGraphLN-superJumbo</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2023-01-05T17:22:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/03/01/when-hollywood-screenwriters-dont-understand-how-parliamentary-government-works/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/p3547340_v_v8_ao.jpg</image:loc><image:title>p3547340_v_v8_ao.jpg</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2023-01-05T17:17:53+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2023/01/03/a-tribute-to-david-e-smith/</loc><lastmod>2023-01-08T18:48:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/12/24/barry-k-wilsons-biography-on-sir-mackenzie-bowell/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/wp-1640375506964..jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-1640375506964.</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/screenshot-of-article.jpeg.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Screenshot of Article.jpeg</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-12-20T21:19:11+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/12/29/the-courts-uphold-the-correct-interpretation-of-fixed-date-election-laws-for-the-fifth-time-since-2009/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/hutz-duffman.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Hutz-Duffman</image:title><image:caption>Image Unrelated to Duff Conacher and the text below</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/wp-1640748167657.gif</image:loc><image:title>wp-1640748167657</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-12-10T19:58:39+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/04/22/democracy-watch-wishes-that-it-could-quit-the-fixed-date-election-law/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/democracy-watch.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Democracy Watch</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2023-11-08T08:03:39+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/12/02/the-alberta-sovereignty-within-a-united-canada-bill-and-henry-viii-clauses/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/rachel-notley.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Rachel Notley</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/henry-viii.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Henry VIII</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/alberta-sovereignty-act.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Alberta Sovereignty Act</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-12-03T14:56:49+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/memes/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/geordi-meme.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Geordi Meme</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/mackenzie-king-meme1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Mackenzie King Meme</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/mackenzie-king-meme.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Mackenzie King Meme</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-11-04T15:57:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/11/03/the-notwithstanding-clause-strikes-again/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/wp-1667442387574..jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-1667442387574.</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/wp-1667442387541..jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-1667442387541.</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-11-04T01:27:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/10/21/my-latest-book-review-in-the-journal-of-parliamentary-and-political-law/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/wp-1666377025758..jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-1666377025758.</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/wp-1666377022527..jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-1666377022527.</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-10-21T18:37:51+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/10/19/how-would-we-amend-or-abolish-the-oath-of-allegiance-to-the-king-in-the-constitution-act-1867/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/king-charles-iii.jpg</image:loc><image:title>King Charles III</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-11-01T06:05:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/10/17/fashionable-complaining-about-single-member-plurality/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/44th-parliament-of-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>44th Parliament of Canada</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-10-17T15:33:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/09/19/bizarre-and-uninformed-american-views-on-monarchy/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/disney.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Disney</image:title><image:caption>This is what Americans like Conor Friedersdorf have in mind when they write erroneous opinion pieces on the Royal House of Windsor</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2023-02-15T19:51:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/09/08/the-second-elizabethan-age-draws-to-a-close/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/wp-1662665930561.jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-1662665930561</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/queen-of-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Print</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/red-oak.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Red Oak</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-09-09T00:37:06+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/09/01/on-writing-well/</loc><lastmod>2022-09-09T01:41:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/08/31/readjusting-electoral-districts-in-federations-malapportionment-vs-gerrymandering/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/gerrymandering.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Gerrymandering</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-09-15T17:31:39+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/07/15/parliamentary-decorum-and-how-canadians-perceive-britons/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/speaker-hoyle.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Speaker Hoyle</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-07-15T18:22:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/07/14/my-latest-article-in-the-journal-of-parliamentary-and-political-law-how-governor-general-lord-aberdeen-reinforced-the-caretaker-convention-and-dismissed-prime-minister-tupper-from-office/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/wp-1657821858690..jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-1657821858690.</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/wp-1657817101752..jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-1657817101752.</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-07-15T12:42:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/07/01/the-canada-day-specials/</loc><lastmod>2022-07-02T08:58:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/05/17/the-strange-taboo-against-constitutional-amendment-in-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/wp-1653671485181..jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-1653671485181.</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/photo-for-blogpost-e1652827126270.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Photo for Blogpost</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-05-31T16:46:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/06/29/some-discretion-on-dissolution-and-the-lieutenant-governor/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/clark-and-guichon.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Clark and Guichon</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-05-02T22:01:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/07/16/saskatchewan-needs-a-new-lieutenant-governor-forthwith/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/standard-new.png</image:loc><image:title>Standard of the Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan</image:title><image:caption>Standard of the Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-05-02T22:01:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/08/02/new-brunswicks-lieutenant-governor-has-died-in-office/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/standard-of-the-lg-of-nb.png</image:loc><image:title>Standard of the LG of NB</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-05-02T22:01:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/04/19/what-conservative-mps-said-about-inflation-and-the-liberal-new-democratic-entente/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/inflation.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Inflation</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-04-20T18:17:38+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/03/10/the-importance-of-narrative-in-politics-the-example-of-cabinet-manuals-in-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/screenshot-from-2022-03-10-16-00-41.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>Screenshot from 2022-03-10 16-00-41</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-03-11T10:19:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/about/james-bowden-and-parliamentum/</loc><lastmod>2022-12-10T17:52:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/02/26/review-of-the-prime-ministers-constitution/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2011-2015.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2011-2015</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/open-and-accountable-government-2015.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Open and Accountable Government, 2015</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/accountable-government-2011.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Accountable Government, 2011</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-02-27T11:22:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/02/23/the-convoy-appeals-to-the-governor-general-to-overthrow-responsible-government/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/ggs-message.jpg</image:loc><image:title>GG's Message</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-02-24T00:39:43+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/02/08/her-majesty-queen-elizabeth-iis-platinum-jubilee/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/canadian-platinium-jubilee-emblem.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Canadian Platinium Jubilee Emblem</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/platinum-jubilee-news.jpg</image:loc><image:title>platinum-jubilee-news</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/wp-1644352113254..jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-1644352113254.</image:title><image:caption>I'm very thankful to have acquired a copy of this book.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/wp-1644337895024.jpg</image:loc><image:title>wp-1644337895024</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-02-09T00:17:49+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/01/26/consociationalism-and-bifurcated-cabinets-in-northern-ireland/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/ni-assembly-3.jpg</image:loc><image:title>NI Assembly 3</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-02-21T03:28:43+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/01/18/orrrrrrrddaaaaa-speaking-in-the-second-person/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/skynews-parliament-commons_4770593.jpg</image:loc><image:title>skynews-parliament-commons_4770593</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-20T15:36:06+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/12/22/taking-stock-of-2018-recent-and-upcoming-publications/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Picture-of-Proofs.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Picture of Proofs</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-20T15:27:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/01/31/dissolution-by-demise-of-the-crown/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/georgevlyinginstate.jpg</image:loc><image:title>georgevlyinginstate</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-20T15:27:24+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/04/27/dissolution-by-demise-of-the-crown-in-canada/</loc><lastmod>2022-01-20T15:27:06+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/05/11/dissolution-by-efflux-of-time-in-the-journal-of-parliamentary-and-political-law/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/img_20170511_1552246.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20170511_1552246</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/img_20170511_1551566.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20170511_1551566</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-20T15:26:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/05/26/the-provinces-show-how-fixed-date-election-laws-affect-dissolution-by-efflux-of-time/</loc><lastmod>2022-01-20T15:26:26+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/02/21/more-tidbits-on-indirect-amendment-and-dissolution-by-efflux-of-time/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/oireachtas-2017-08-21.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Oireachtas, 2017-08-21</image:title><image:caption>During a wonderful trip to Ireland, I took this photo of the Oireachtas on 21 August 2017, while it was undergoing renovation. </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-20T15:26:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/01/11/remember-remember-the-fifth-of-november-nova-scotia-enacts-canadas-last-fixed-date-election-law/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/nova-scotias-house-of-assembly.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nova Scotia's House of Assembly</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/iain-rankin-standing-behind-podium-denying-snap-election.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Iain Rankin Standing Behind Podium Denying Snap Election</image:title><image:caption>Rankin Definitely Not Making Obvious Pre-Writ Announcements on 19 June 2021</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/iain-rankin-standing-behind-podium-denying-snap-election-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Iain Rankin Standing Behind Podium Denying Snap Election 2</image:title><image:caption>Rankin Definitely Not Making Obvious Pre-Writ Announcements on 21 June 2021. </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-11T13:33:53+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2022/01/06/yukons-fixed-date-elections-law/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/yukon-legislature_1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>yukon-legislature_1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-01-06T21:51:02+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/08/19/why-justin-trudeaus-snap-election-in-2021-does-not-break-the-fixed-date-elections-law/</loc><lastmod>2021-12-28T21:22:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/11/19/consensus-government-confirmation-voting-in-nunavut/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/nunavuts-legislative-assembly.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nunavut's Legislative Assembly</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/presentation-3.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Presentation 3</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-12-02T22:36:10+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/05/21/summary-of-my-panel-at-the-constitution-at-150-conference/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/img_20170517_2259336.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20170517_2259336</image:title><image:caption>As far as I could tell, the whole in the ground in the foreground of this photo is the site of the old legislature that the Orangemen burned down in 1849.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/img_20170518_1235223.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20170518_1235223</image:title><image:caption>An example of the wonderful architecture in Montreal. This cathedral reminds me of that in Florence.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-12-02T22:34:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/11/22/review-of-gee-webbers-what-is-a-political-constitution-and-some-more-thoughts-on-the-nature-of-constitutional-conventions/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/constitution-act-1982.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Constitution Act, 1982</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-12-30T01:57:33+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/08/19/recalling-a-parliament-already-dissolved-not-in-canada-the-43rd-parliament-is-dead/</loc><lastmod>2021-11-23T05:54:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/01/01/germany-is-the-new-belgium-of-continental-parliamentarism-and-caretaker-government/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/basic-law.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Basic Law</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/germany-is-the-new-belgium.png</image:loc><image:title>Germany is the New Belgium</image:title><image:caption>Black, Red, and Yellow Are the New Black, Yellow, and Red.
</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-11-19T21:39:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/06/27/how-the-fixed-term-parliaments-act-complicates-brexit/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/cspg-conference.jpg</image:loc><image:title>CSPG Conference</image:title><image:caption>In the midst of my presentation to the CSPG's seminar on "the implications of fixed-date elections." 
Photo credit: Nick MacDonald</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-11-19T18:41:25+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/06/12/the-cabinet-manual-and-votes-of-confidence-under-the-fixed-term-parliaments-act/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/odonnell.jpg</image:loc><image:title>O'Donnell</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-11-19T18:41:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/11/26/how-early-general-federal-elections-can-be-held-in-germany/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/the-colossus-of-rhodes.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Colossus of Rhodes</image:title><image:caption>The Grand Coalition of the Social Democrats and Christian Democrats straddles the center-left and center-right like the Colossus of Rhodes and leaves no credible opposition as an alternative government in its wake.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-11-19T18:40:52+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/07/04/alpine-madness-austria-takes-the-caretaker-convention-to-the-extreme/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/kurz-merkel.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Kurz &amp; Merkel</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/screenshot_20190704-163658.png</image:loc><image:title>Screenshot_20190704-163658.png</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-11-19T18:36:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/08/01/theres-nothing-strategic-about-this-how-dwight-balls-new-government-distorted-the-caretaker-convention/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/received_621156425039911.png</image:loc><image:title>received_621156425039911.png</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/flag-of-nl.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Flag of N&amp;L</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-11-19T18:36:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/08/14/putting-the-personal-above-the-factual-errol-mendes-on-early-dissolution-and-fixed-date-election-laws-in-2008-vs-in-2021/</loc><lastmod>2021-11-19T18:35:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/10/31/constitutional-conventions-in-the-united-states-some-thoughts-on-jonathan-goulds-codifying-constitutional-norms/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/cinncinnatus.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>Cinncinnatus</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-11-19T18:28:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/01/03/1841-or-1848-when-did-responsible-government-begin/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/cover-of-dorchester-review-6-no2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>cover-of-dorchester-review-6-no2</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-11-19T18:28:09+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/05/04/sajjan-and-the-architecture-of-ministerial-responsibility/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/the-architect-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Architect 2</image:title><image:caption>"The Architect" </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/sajjans-speech.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Sajjan's Speech</image:title><image:caption>Sajjan's Speech to the Observer Research Foundation in New Delhi, 19 April 2017</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/bezans-and-bergens-motion.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Bezan's and Bergen's Motion</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-11-19T18:22:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/09/21/the-most-pointless-election-since-1965/</loc><lastmod>2021-09-24T08:24:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/09/20/voting-in-the-44th-general-federal-election-and-forming-governments-thereafter/</loc><lastmod>2021-09-21T07:02:06+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/09/18/a-day-in-the-life-of-the-32nd-parliament-part-ii/</loc><lastmod>2021-09-18T17:46:21+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/09/17/a-day-in-the-life-of-the-32nd-parliament/</loc><lastmod>2021-09-17T17:56:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/08/27/extreme-risk-aversion-the-caretaker-convention-in-2021/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-29T15:45:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/09/01/the-caretaker-convention-in-newfoundland-labrador-in-2019/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-27T13:57:59+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/03/26/the-over-zealous-caretakers-of-newfoundland-and-labrador-in-2021/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-24T15:03:39+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/06/30/the-privileges-of-aristocracy-solicitor-client-privilege-under-the-access-to-information-act/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-21T18:06:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/07/21/quebecs-irredentist-designs-on-labrador/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-26T19:13:00+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/04/guidelines-on-the-caretaker-convention/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:20:33+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/09/12/development-of-responsible-government-and-the-caretaker-convention/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:20:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/01/31/the-evolution-of-the-principle-of-restraint-in-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/john-a-macdonald.jpg</image:loc><image:title>John A Macdonald</image:title><image:caption>Prime MInister Sir John A. Macdonald</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/alexander-mackenzie.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Alexander Mackenzie</image:title><image:caption>Prime Minister Mackenzie</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/lord-dufferin.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Lord Dufferin</image:title><image:caption>Governor General Lord Dufferin: Great Whig, Protector of Responsible Government</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:20:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/06/25/peter-russell-on-the-prorogation-coalition-controversy-of-2008/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:20:00+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/09/02/quebec-does-not-love-coalitions/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:19:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/06/10/who-made-this-statement-about-government-formation-in-minority-parliaments/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:19:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/01/27/discussion-on-government-formation-at-the-university-of-ottawa/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/responsible-government-as-a-trinity-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Responsible Government as a Trinity 2</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:19:26+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/01/30/thoughts-on-how-we-translate-the-caretaker-convention/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:19:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/02/16/a-caretaker-convention-in-the-united-states/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:19:03+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/06/30/clarks-resignation-horgans-appointment-and-responsible-government-in-british-columbia/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/role-of-the-lg.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Role of the LG</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/government-house.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Government House</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/lg-guichons-announcement-large.jpg</image:loc><image:title>LG Guichon's Announcement.jpg-large</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:13:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/07/17/the-caretaker-convention-in-action-in-british-columbia/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/caretaker-array.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Caretaker Array</image:title><image:caption>The Caretaker Array in Star Trek: Voyager</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:12:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/08/15/manitobas-early-election-expands-the-caretaker-convention/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/stupid-journalist.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Confused Journalist</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/parliamentwinnipeg_manitoba.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Parliamentwinnipeg_manitoba</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/brianpallisterbesidethetrollfacememe_20190808.jpg</image:loc><image:title>BrianPallisterBesideTheTrollFaceMeme_20190808</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:05:59+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/08/20/prince-edward-islands-first-successful-minority-government/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/peiflag.jpg</image:loc><image:title>PEIFlag</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/peileg.jpg</image:loc><image:title>PEILeg</image:title><image:caption>Province House</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:05:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/09/15/the-caretaker-convention-in-2019/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/sir-humphrey-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Sir Humphrey 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/sir-humphrey.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Sir Humphrey</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-11-21T03:35:33+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/09/27/the-caretaker-convention-and-the-appointment-of-supreme-court-justices-during-elections-2015-vs-2019/</loc><lastmod>2022-07-08T00:18:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/10/14/over-zealous-caretakers-of-the-2019-election/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/2019-10-14-senate-appointments-suspended-during-writ.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2019-10-14 Senate Appointments Suspended During Writ</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:02:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/10/21/andrew-scheer-is-not-exactly-wrong-forming-governments-in-minority-parliaments/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/vince_cable_and_nick_clegg_by_the_budget_cropped-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Vince_Cable_and_Nick_Clegg_by_the_budget_(cropped).jpg</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:01:24+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/10/23/justin-trudeau-remains-prime-minister-but-also-subject-to-the-caretaker-convention/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/29th-ministry-under-revision.jpg</image:loc><image:title>29th Ministry Under Revision</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-20T16:00:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/01/01/rejecting-constitutional-advice-equals-dismissal-from-office-how-governor-general-lord-aberdeen-forced-sir-charles-tuppers-resignation/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-20T15:59:53+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/02/18/newfoundland-labrador-must-by-law-hold-an-early-election-by-2021/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/dwight-ball-3.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Dwight Ball 3</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-20T15:59:10+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/04/08/1896-tupper-laurier-debate-the-role-of-governor-general-and-popular-vs-parliamentary-sovereignty/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/lord-aberdeen.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Lord Aberdeen</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/sir-charles-tupper.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Sir Charles Tupper</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/sir-wilfrid-laurier.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Sir Wilfrid Laurier</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-20T15:58:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/02/19/the-doctrine-of-necessity-in-newfoundland-and-labradors-omnishambles-election/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-20T15:47:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/05/18/the-division-of-powers-does-not-apply-during-a-pandemic/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/img_20200402_1915279.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20200402_1915279.jpg</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/img_20200402_1900141.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20200402_1900141.jpg</image:title><image:caption>The police were tearing down this border checkpoint on Quebec's side of the approach to the Alexandra Bridge when I walked by on 2 April 2020.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/img_20200402_1902008.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20200402_1902008.jpg</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-08-20T15:46:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/08/13/peter-h-russell-now-agrees-with-me-what-happens-when-a-governor-general-rejects-a-prime-ministers-constitutional-advice/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-13T15:47:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/05/04/the-letters-patent-removing-julie-payette-from-the-office-of-governor-general/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-13T20:15:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/01/22/a-star-goes-supernova-julie-payette-resigns-as-governor-general/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/supernova.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Supernova</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-05-04T18:00:59+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/02/09/who-updates-section-37-of-the-constitution-act-1867/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/indirect-amendments.jpg</image:loc><image:title>indirect-amendments</image:title><image:caption>Does the executive, through the Department of Justice, write the indirect amendment of section 37 separate from any parliamentary action?</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-05-04T17:50:51+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/09/28/my-article-in-the-journal-of-parliamentary-and-political-law-on-electoral-reform/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/img_20200924_14581092.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20200924_1458109~2.jpg</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/img_20200924_14583292.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20200924_1458329~2.jpg</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-05-03T04:35:39+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/03/30/an-unlawfully-long-writ-rewards-the-incumbent-and-will-be-allowed-to-stand/</loc><lastmod>2021-03-31T00:47:00+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/03/15/picking-up-the-shards-of-the-office-of-governor-general-a-new-advisory-committee-created/</loc><lastmod>2021-03-16T20:47:26+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/03/11/following-up-on-the-office-of-governor-general-documents-not-gazette/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/senate-journals-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Senate Journals 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/senate-journals-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Senate Journals 1</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/proclamation-appointing-deputy-administrators-1974.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Proclamation Appointing Deputy Administrators, 1974</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/proclamation-appointing-administrator-1974.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Proclamation Appointing Administrator, 1974</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/swearing-in-of-administrator.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Swearing in of Administrator</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/proclamation-of-administrator-2-of-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Proclamation of Administrator 2 of 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/proclamation-of-administrator-1-of-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Proclamation of Administrator 1 of 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/commission-of-deputy-administrator.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Commission of Deputy Administrator</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/letters-patent-revoking-appointment-2-of-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Letters patent revoking appointment 2 of 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/letters-patent-revoking-appointment-1-of-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Letters patent revoking appointment 1 of 2</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-03-12T05:32:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/02/13/newfoundland-and-labradors-omnishambles-election-of-2021/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/2021-02-11-chief-electoral-officer-chaulks-letter-to-party-leaders.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2021-02-11 Chief Electoral Officer Chaulk's Letter to Party Leaders</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-02-14T23:43:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/02/12/electoral-disaster-strikes-the-rock-newfoundland-labradors-crazy-covid-election/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/presentation1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Presentation1</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/4xq7bb.jpg</image:loc><image:title>4xq7bb.jpg</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-02-14T23:21:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/01/01/canadas-legal-constitutional-continuity-1791-1867-published-in-the-journal-of-parliamentary-and-political-law/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/screenshot.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Screenshot</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/jppl-article.jpg</image:loc><image:title>JPPL Article</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-02-05T15:58:33+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/02/02/the-nova-scotian-strain/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/screenshot-from-2021-02-02-18-40-41.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Screenshot from 2021-02-02 18-40-41</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-02-03T19:57:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/01/31/the-shards-of-the-office-of-governor-general-of-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/shattered-standard.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Shattered Standard</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-02-01T23:00:02+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2021/01/07/insurrectionists-have-betrayed-the-revolution-of-1800/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/570197.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>The Fall of Rome</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2021-11-01T16:53:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/25/you-can-now-watch-the-liberals-expunge-dominion-day-from-canadian-history/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/david-smith-kills-dominion-day.jpg</image:loc><image:title>David Smith Kills Dominion Day</image:title><image:caption>David Smith, Destroyer of Dominion Day</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-01-09T00:18:37+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/12/27/thomas-darcy-mcgee-and-the-vice-royalty-of-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/dr-10-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>DR 10-2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/img_20200123_1706378.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20200123_1706378</image:title><image:caption>I took this photo of the historical plaque at the foot of the Thomas D'Arcy McGee Building in Ottawa, which stands near the site of his assassination. </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2021-11-18T18:15:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/12/23/proc-examines-the-retroactive-prorogation-rationale-after-all/</loc><lastmod>2021-01-19T19:56:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/12/01/thomas-darcy-mcgee-on-literature-as-national-identity/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/img_20200123_1706175.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20200123_1706175</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/mcgee-3.jpg</image:loc><image:title>McGee 3</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/mcgee-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>McGee 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/mcgee.jpg</image:loc><image:title>McGee</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2020-12-07T20:45:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/10/29/the-trudeau-governments-retroactive-prorogation-rationale-under-standing-order-327/</loc><lastmod>2020-12-01T05:04:24+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/11/30/proc-sentences-the-retroactive-prorogation-rationale-to-a-quiet-bureaucratic-death/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/2020-11-30-prorogation-rationale.jpg</image:loc><image:title>2020-11-30 Prorogation Rationale</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2020-12-01T00:48:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/10/27/justin-trudeau-has-made-prorogation-great-again/</loc><lastmod>2021-08-15T01:48:02+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/07/01/celebrate-dominion-day-with-the-latest-issue-of-the-dorchester-review/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/fb_img_1592858686826.jpg</image:loc><image:title>FB_IMG_1592858686826.jpg</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2020-07-03T14:50:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/05/28/an-outbreak-of-snap-election-fever-during-a-pandemic/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/the-snap.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Snap</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2020-05-30T14:31:33+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/05/01/policy-options-and-electoral-reform-in-quebec/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/national-assembly.jpg</image:loc><image:title>National Assembly</image:title><image:caption>I took this photo of the building which houses Quebec's National Assembly in May 2008, which ended an unusually snowy 2007-2008 winter season.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-05-18T19:31:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/05/17/the-fixed-date-election-law-forced-saskatchewans-upcoming-pandemic-election/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/flag-of-saskatchwan.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Flag of Saskatchwan</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2020-05-18T12:33:06+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/01/04/a-law-can-be-repealed-when-parliament-is-prorogued/</loc><lastmod>2020-05-14T15:56:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/05/01/electoral-reform-quebec-will-hold-a-referendum-with-a-clear-question/</loc><lastmod>2020-07-21T00:38:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/11/28/justin-trudeau-has-a-basic-dictatorship-problem/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/custom-image-01052020214239.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Custom Image 01052020214239.jpg</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/pms-website-in-2016-cropped.jpg</image:loc><image:title>PM's Website in 2016 cropped</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/basic-bro-trudeau.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Basic Bro Trudeau</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/castro-press-release.jpg</image:loc><image:title>castro-press-release</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/goose-steppers.jpg</image:loc><image:title>goose-steppers</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/justin-unplugged-invite-november-7-2013.jpg</image:loc><image:title>justin-unplugged-invite-november-7-2013</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-11-15T08:03:30+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2020/04/29/the-constitution-of-the-confederate-states-of-america-disproves-the-states-rights-narrative-contains-a-parliamentary-twist/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/fb_img_1588138783407.jpg</image:loc><image:title>FB_IMG_1588138783407.jpg</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2020-05-01T04:33:43+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/01/25/the-borders-between-quebec-and-newfoundland-labrador/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/img_20180125_2105537.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20180125_2105537.jpg</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/quebec-according-to-quebec-2011.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Quebec According to Quebec (2011)</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/quebec-according-to-quebec-2000.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Quebec According to Quebec (2000)</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2020-02-19T15:52:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/12/27/extra-constitutional-reform-of-the-senate-of-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/cover-of-dr.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Cover of DR</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-12-27T18:04:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/11/05/elizabeth-may-and-the-spectre-of-proportional-representation-part-ii/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/me-at-the-ipolitics-conference.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Me at the iPolitics Conference</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-11-28T14:23:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/parliamentary-and-constitutional-documents/</loc><lastmod>2019-11-24T00:07:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/03/13/some-thoughts-on-national-parks-in-canada-and-the-united-states/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/siftons-last-best-west.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Sifton's Last Best West</image:title><image:caption>The Dominion of Canada used this advertisement to attract American settlers. </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/kluane-lake-3-yukon-200629042012_0000.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Kluane Lake 3, Yukon, 200629042012_0000</image:title><image:caption>Kluane Lake itself. Absolutely spectacular! I took these on my old Canon Rebel X/S SLR.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/kluane-lake-1-yukon-200629042012_0000.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Kluane Lake 1, Yukon, 200629042012_0000</image:title><image:caption>Kluane Lake National Park, Yukon. I took this photo in July 2006. Magnificent! </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-11-20T17:33:03+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/11/10/on-dual-citizenship-and-senators-in-canada-and-australia/</loc><lastmod>2019-11-22T07:03:51+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/11/04/the-spectre-of-proportional-representation/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/fair-vote-canada-quotes-elizabeth-may.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Fair Vote Canada Quotes Elizabeth May</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/elizabeth-may.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Elizabeth May</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-11-04T21:14:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/10/24/some-additional-thoughts-on-the-2019-election-when-should-a-party-leader-resign/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/joe-clark.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Joe Clark</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-10-24T23:39:24+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/10/16/minority-parliaments-and-the-governor-generals-special-warrants/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/charles-i.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Charles I</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-10-16T21:20:02+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/10/06/this-election-has-not-been-a-time-to-discuss-serious-issues-the-very-unserious-issue-of-dual-citizenship/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/british-passport-australia-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>British Passport Australia</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/british-passport-newfoundland.jpg</image:loc><image:title>British Passport Newfoundland</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/certificate-of-canadian-citizenship.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Certificate of Canadian Citizenship</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/british-passport-new-zealand.jpg</image:loc><image:title>British Passport New Zealand</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/kings-citizenship-ceremony.jpg</image:loc><image:title>King's Citizenship Ceremony</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2023-05-27T17:28:09+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/09/11/the-prime-minister-of-ontario-was-also-a-member-of-provincial-parliament/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/dougie.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Dougie</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/ontarios-legislatures-website.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Ontario's Legislature's Website</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/kathleen-wynne-premiere-ministre-de-lontario.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Kathleen Wynne, premiere ministre de l'Ontario</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/doug-ford-premier-ministre-de-lontario.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Doug Ford, premier ministre de l'Ontario</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/img_20190910_1703359.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20190910_1703359.jpg</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/img_20190908_1802566.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20190908_1802566.jpg</image:title><image:caption>The Honourable John P. Robarts, Prime Minister of Ontario </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-09-29T01:01:59+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/07/14/changing-canadas-capital-city-section-16-of-the-constitution-act-1867/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/queen_victoria_by_winterhalter_1859.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Queen_Victoria_by_Winterhalter_1859.jpg</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-07-26T13:01:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/07/25/the-timing-of-scheduled-federal-elections/</loc><lastmod>2019-07-25T19:02:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/07/23/errol-mendes-ventures-across-the-sea-to-slay-a-new-conservative-dragon/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/screenshot_20190722-234707.png</image:loc><image:title>Screenshot_20190722-234707.png</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/screenshot_20190722-160018.png</image:loc><image:title>Screenshot_20190722-160018.png</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/dragon.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Dragon</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-07-25T18:42:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/06/09/no-prorogation-the-long-parliamentary-sessions-in-canada-and-the-united-kingdom/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/may-trudeau.jpg</image:loc><image:title>May &amp; Trudeau</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-07-23T02:00:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/29/prorogation-as-prime-ministerial-delay-tactic/</loc><lastmod>2019-07-15T17:09:09+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/07/12/sir-john-majors-hypocrisy-on-prorogation/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/john-major-is-grey.jpg</image:loc><image:title>John Major Is Grey</image:title><image:caption>Spitting Image was right: John Major really does look grey in the analogue 1990s television signals.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-05-19T15:35:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/04/17/newfoundland-labrador-will-also-go-for-an-early-election-in-may-2019/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/flag-of-nl.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Flag of NL</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-04-17T18:16:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/04/07/wade-maclauchlan-of-pei-has-become-the-first-premier-to-ignore-a-fixed-date-election-law-twice/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/meme-for-maclauchlans-two-early-elections2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Meme for MacLauchlan's Two Early Elections2</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-04-09T17:22:24+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2019/03/10/the-legault-government-might-actually-implement-mixed-member-proportional-representation-in-quebec/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/img_20190210_22212423.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20190210_2221242~3.jpg</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-03-22T18:59:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/07/20/the-strange-americanism-of-canadian-libertarians/</loc><lastmod>2021-07-29T17:03:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/12/12/no-discretion-on-royal-assent-and-the-governor-general/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/statute-of-westminster-tidridge-2011-47.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Statute of Westminster (Tidridge 2011, 47)</image:title><image:caption>Statute of Westminster (Tidridge 2011, 47)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/the-crown-in-parliament-tidridge-2011-63.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Crown-in-Parliament (Tidridge 2011, 63)</image:title><image:caption>The Crown-in-Parliament (Tidridge 2011, 63)</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/queen-anne.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Queen Anne</image:title><image:caption>Queen Anne, The Last Sovereign To Refuse Royal Assent. </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/governor-general-gives-royal-assent.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Governor General Gives Royal Assent</image:title><image:caption>Governor General David Johnston Gives Royal Assent, as Prime MInister Harper Looks On</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-11-10T23:57:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/11/15/toronto-has-always-been-thus/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/toronto-has-always-been-thus.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Toronto Has Always Been Thus</image:title><image:caption>Morison, J.L. British Supremacy &amp; Canadian Self-Government, 1839-1854. Glasgow: James MacLehose and Sons, 1919. 
</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-11-15T18:12:32+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/10/01/the-dominion-of-canada-in-1897/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/img_20180930_2302180-e1538400443155.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20180930_2302180</image:title><image:caption>Political Map of the Dominion of Canada, 1897</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-01-13T21:30:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/11/06/what-adrienne-clarkson-said-on-3-february-2011/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/clarkson-and-the-queen.jpg</image:loc><image:title>OTT1014-QUEEN</image:title><image:caption>Ottawa-10/14/02-Queen Elizabeth drops by Rideau hall for dinner and a tree planting.With Governor General Adrianne Clarkson (left)..  Photo by CHRIS MIKULA, THE OTTAWA CITIZEN (For NATN section - no reporter assigned) ASSIGNMENT NUMBER 53886 ************************************** Filter: No USM: No File Size: 5.53MB Original file name: 5D9A0053.JPG</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-11-12T06:19:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/10/21/death-by-deadlock-the-fate-of-the-gallant-government/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/master-chess-photo.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Master Chess Photo</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/legislature.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>Legislature</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/government-house.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Government House</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/chess-king-has-fallen.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Chess King Has Fallen</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-11-03T18:00:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/11/01/what-happens-in-the-assembly-after-the-gallant-government-falls/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/picture11.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Picture1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-11-02T17:41:57+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/09/29/michael-ignatieff-on-the-oath-of-allegiance/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/michale-ignatieff-awkward.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Michale Ignatieff (Awkward)</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/michale-ignatieff-smug.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Michale Ignatieff </image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-10-18T13:48:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/07/23/allegiance-to-the-queen-means-allegiance-to-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/will-and-kate-at-the-citizenship-ceremony.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Will and Kate at the Citizenship Ceremony</image:title><image:caption>The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge -- our future King William V and Queen Katherine -- preside over a ceremony for naturalized citizens in 2011.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2024-09-16T17:45:57+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/09/11/politicos-no-longer-give-the-fixed-date-elections-law-a-second-thought/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/sears-fdr.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Sears-FDR</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-10-01T20:01:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/10/11/elective-legislative-council/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/george-brown.jpg</image:loc><image:title>George Brown</image:title><image:caption>George Brown</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/john-a-macdonald.jpg</image:loc><image:title>John A Macdonald</image:title><image:caption>John A. Macdonald</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-19T19:21:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/01/30/the-state-of-the-union-address-and-loyal-opposition-in-the-united-states/</loc><lastmod>2018-09-19T19:21:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/06/19/bruce-hyers-rage-against-responsible-government-and-loyal-opposition/</loc><lastmod>2018-09-19T19:21:09+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/06/02/the-contradictory-presidency/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/president-obama-holds-a-press-conference.jpg</image:loc><image:title>President Obama Holds a Press Conference</image:title><image:caption>President Obama holds a press conference -- where he doesn't get heckled and where he commands attention.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/prime-minister-cameron-in-debate.jpg</image:loc><image:title>David Cameron speaks during prime minister's questions in the House of Commons</image:title><image:caption>Prime Minister Cameron engages in the cut and thrust of parliamentary debate during Prime Minister's Question</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/president-obama-commemorates-memorial-day.jpg</image:loc><image:title>President Obama Commemorates Memorial Day</image:title><image:caption>President Obama fulfills his liturgical role by commemorating Memorial Day. </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/president-obama-and-prime-minister-cameron.jpg</image:loc><image:title>President Obama and Prime Minister Cameron</image:title><image:caption>President Obama and Prime Minister Cameron are a far more relaxed and familiar with one another.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/president-obama-and-queen-elizabeth-ii.jpg</image:loc><image:title>President Obama and Queen Elizabeth II</image:title><image:caption>President Obama and Queen Elizabeth II both wear formal, state dress and stand respectably apart. </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-19T19:21:03+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/06/15/on-mann-and-ornstein/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/mann-and-ornstein.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Mann and Ornstein</image:title><image:caption>Thomas E. Mann and Norman J. Ornstein</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/its-even-worse-than-it-looks.jpg</image:loc><image:title>It's Even Worse Than It Looks</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-19T19:20:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/09/11/the-house-of-commons-should-not-authorize-military-deployments/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/maxime-bernier.png</image:loc><image:title>maxime-bernier</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-19T19:20:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/09/19/repealing-a-statute-while-the-legislature-is-prorogued-henry-viii-sleeper-cell-clauses-in-ontario/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/img_20180919_1426078.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20180919_1426078.jpg</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/img_20180919_1426182.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20180919_1426182.jpg</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-19T19:19:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/12/31/a-new-years-resolution-for-political-scientists-stop-saying-that-parliamentarism-fuses-the-executive-and-legislature/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/harmony-of-theodorus.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Harmony of Theodorus</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/levitation-magnetic.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Levitation magnetic</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/fusion-nuclear.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nuclear Fusion</image:title><image:caption>Nuclear Fusion</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-19T19:13:00+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/02/01/the-nature-of-the-democratic-deficit-and-executive-federalism-in-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/first-ministers-conference-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>First Ministers' Conference 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/harper-and-mcguinty.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Harper and McGuinty</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/first-ministers-conference.jpg</image:loc><image:title>First Ministers' Conference</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-19T19:12:53+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/09/13/some-parts-of-the-constitution-are-more-constitutional-than-others/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/doj-constitutional-documents.jpg</image:loc><image:title>DoJ Constitutional Documents</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-11-04T01:23:33+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/09/14/lawyers-despise-the-notwithstanding-clause-which-shows-why-it-is-good/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/section-33.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Section 33</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-10-23T01:36:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/05/30/the-deleterious-effects-of-bipartisanship/</loc><lastmod>2018-09-19T19:12:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/01/23/the-mcguinty-government-repeals-a-law-while-parliament-is-prorogued/</loc><lastmod>2018-09-19T19:11:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/06/08/jean-pierre-kingsley-is-wrong-electoral-reform-is-a-constitutional-matter/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/kingsley-4.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Kingsley 4</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/kingsley-3.jpg</image:loc><image:title>KINGSLEY</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/kingsley-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Kingsley 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/kingsley.jpg</image:loc><image:title>kingsley</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-14T15:37:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/04/15/the-constitution-act-1982/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/queen-of-canada-signs-the-constitution-act.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Queen of Canada Signs the Constitution Act</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/proclamation-of-patriation-1982.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Proclamation of Patriation, 1982. </image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-09-14T15:37:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/06/05/canadian-political-science-association/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/victoria-20130603-00109.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Victoria</image:title><image:caption>Legislative Assembly of British Columbia</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-08-20T14:58:39+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/08/15/when-snap-elections-are-good-and-just/</loc><lastmod>2018-08-16T12:56:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/07/11/george-brown-and-canadas-manifest-destiny/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/george-brown.jpg</image:loc><image:title>George Brown</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-08-09T17:45:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/08/08/what-does-calling-an-early-election-mean-anyway/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/100_3778.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The National Assembly of Quebec</image:title><image:caption>I took this back in 2008. </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/100_3742.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Legislature of Quebec</image:title><image:caption>I took this photo on a trip to Quebec City in 2008</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-08-09T00:25:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2014/07/24/the-delegitimation-of-the-crown-of-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/1959-st-lawrence-seaway.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Heads of State and Government and their Spouses</image:title><image:caption>Heads of State and Government and their Spouses at the opening of the St. Lawrence Seaway</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/278ef-elizabethcanadavisit1977.jpg</image:loc><image:title>278ef-elizabethcanadavisit1977</image:title><image:caption>Queen Elizabeth II reads the Trudeau government's speech from the throne in 1977</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/queen-of-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Queen of Canada</image:title><image:caption>Queen of Canada</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2019-02-02T22:17:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/12/01/blogrolls-are-endorsements-excellent-and-interesting-blogs-on-the-history-and-practice-of-westminster-parliamentarism/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/twitter-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Twitter 2</image:title><image:caption>Retweets are not endorsements? #failwhale</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/twitter.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Twitter</image:title><image:caption>This tweet is no more; it has met its maker. This is an ex-tweet.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-07-17T17:58:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/06/06/contrarian-for-the-crown/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/james-at-ycyc-e1339012586836.jpg</image:loc><image:title>James Speaking at YCYC</image:title><image:caption>I spoke for a few minutes at the conference -- more on that later!</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-07-17T17:56:58+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/06/21/constitutional-sophistry/</loc><lastmod>2018-07-17T17:56:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/06/27/constitutional-sophistry-2/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/proclamation-of-patriation-1982.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Proclamation of Patriation, 1982</image:title><image:caption>Her Majesty the Queen of Canada, Prime Minister Trudeau, and Attorney General Jean Chretien signed this proclamation of patriation.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/the-compound-monarchy-tidrigde-2011-79.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Compound Monarchy (Tidrigde 2011, 79)</image:title><image:caption>This diagram illustrates David E. Smith's doctrine of the "compound monarchy" of the Crown of Canada.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/statute-of-westminster-tidridge-2011-47.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Statute of Westminster (Tidridge 2011, 47)</image:title><image:caption>This diagram shows how the British Empire gave way to the Commonwealth and made the Dominions independent countries. </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2025-10-09T19:50:25+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/07/11/the-merkel-iii-cabinet-and-germanys-longest-caretaker-period/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/grand-coalition-iii.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Grand Coalition III</image:title><image:caption>The CSU-CDU and SPD form Grand Coalition III</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-07-11T21:01:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/07/09/the-fixed-term-parliaments-acts-complexities-could-save-prime-minister-may/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/big-ben-tolls-at-midnight.jpg</image:loc><image:title>big-ben-tolls-at-midnight</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-07-12T14:34:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/07/01/canadas-counter-manifest-destiny/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/dr-8-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>DR 8-1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-07-03T17:40:43+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/06/08/the-1867-as-year-zero-school-and-the-war-of-1812/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/war-of-1812-monument.jpg</image:loc><image:title>War of 1812 Monument</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-06-12T15:41:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/05/24/will-wade-maclauchlan-become-the-first-premier-to-ignore-a-fixed-date-election-law-twice/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/legislative-assembly.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Legislative Assembly</image:title><image:caption>Not quite as handsome as New Brunswick's Legislative Assembly.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-05-24T16:13:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/09/10/1774-thomas-jefferson-and-the-origins-of-responsible-government-and-of-the-commonwealth-realms/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/declaration-of-independence.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Declaration of Independence</image:title><image:caption>Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson draft the Declaration of Independence </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/grand-union-flag-1775-1777.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Grand Union Flag, 1775-1777</image:title><image:caption>The Grand Union Flag of 1775: The First Flag of the 13 Colonies</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/thomas-jefferson.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Thomas Jefferson</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-05-14T16:34:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/04/05/suspending-the-speaker-of-the-legislative-assembly-of-new-brunswick/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/new-brunswicks-assembly.jpg</image:loc><image:title>New Brunswick's Assembly</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-04-08T18:27:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2018/03/24/montreal-the-capital-of-the-province-of-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/first-provincial-parliament-of-upper-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>First Provincial Parliament of Upper Canada</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/first-parliament-of-upper-canada-remnant.jpg</image:loc><image:title>First Parliament of Upper Canada Remnant</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/1849-riot.jpg</image:loc><image:title>1849 Riot</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-03-26T02:09:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/03/21/lack-of-punctuation-turned-the-progressive-conservative-parties-into-oxymorons/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/pc_1996_logo.png</image:loc><image:title>PC_1996_logo</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-03-22T19:36:21+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/contact/</loc><lastmod>2019-02-04T03:17:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/09/06/o-canada-and-the-two-solitudes/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/o-canada-home-on-native-land.jpg</image:loc><image:title>O Canada Home On Native Land</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/o-canada-ralph-wiggam.png</image:loc><image:title>O Canada Ralph Wiggam</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/o-canada-at-hockey-game.jpg</image:loc><image:title>O Canada at Hockey Game</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2018-02-01T00:46:03+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/10/28/premier-gallant-and-the-early-dissolution-that-wasnt/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/nb-premiers-announcement.jpg</image:loc><image:title>NB Premier's Announcement</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/nb-arms.jpg</image:loc><image:title>NB Arms</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/nb-pc-opposition-leaders-statement.jpg</image:loc><image:title>NB PC Opposition Leader's Statement</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/poitrass-tweet-20-october-2017.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Poitras's Tweet (20 October 2017)</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-10-29T20:30:48+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/10/27/new-brunswicks-legislative-assembly-needs-to-do-better/</loc><lastmod>2017-10-30T14:49:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/09/27/being-a-bad-apple-in-the-middle-class/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/rotten-apple.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Rotten Apple</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-09-27T20:40:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/08/20/some-thoughts-on-the-prince-and-game-of-thrones/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/rota-fortuna.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Rota fortuna</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/choas-is-a-ladder.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Choas Is a Ladder</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-23T18:15:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/08/19/some-thoughts-on-an-old-metaphor-from-the-ship-of-state-to-the-armada-of-state/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/us-navy-carrier-group-4.jpg</image:loc><image:title>US Navy Carrier Group 4</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/us-navy-carrier-group-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>US Navy Carrier Group 2</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-08-19T04:35:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/07/16/%e2%80%9cconfederation-day%e2%80%9d-i-agree-with-eugene-forsey-on-something/</loc><lastmod>2017-07-07T16:41:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/07/04/why-cant-anti-monarchists-get-the-basic-facts-right/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/queen-of-canada-one-dollar.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Queen of Canada One Dollar</image:title><image:caption>Maybe the Queen of Canada's effigy looks at us through her peripheral vision -- but I wouldn't even call that a one-eyed stare.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/queen-of-the-uk-one-pound.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Queen of the UK One Pound</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-07-17T22:54:48+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/07/01/happy-dominion-day-lets-celebrate-the-incoherence-of-canada-at-150/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/first-provincial-parliament-of-upper-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>First Provincial Parliament of Upper Canada</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/first-parliament-of-upper-canada-remnant.jpg</image:loc><image:title>First Parliament of Upper Canada Remnant</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-07-02T17:24:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/01/07/lament-for-a-dominion/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/dorchester-review.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Dorchester Review</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-07-02T16:30:59+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2014/07/02/from-dominion-day-to-canada-day-from-historical-significance-to-banality/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/dominion-day.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Dominion Day</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-07-02T16:30:33+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/08/senator-prattes-hypnotic-hypocrisy-on-the-two-o-canadas/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/pratte-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Pratte 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/pratte1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Pratte1</image:title><image:caption>The first step in "reconquering Canada" is altering English-Canadian symbols.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/pratte.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Pratte</image:title><image:caption>The French O Canada is an anachronism that must be kept in historical context. The English O Canada is an evergreen document that must be taken literally.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-30T17:16:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/05/30/can-the-41st-legislature-of-british-columbia-elect-a-speaker/</loc><lastmod>2024-12-03T22:48:51+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/06/26/what-the-conservative-dup-agreement-says-about-votes-of-confidence-under-the-fixed-term-parliaments-act/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/may-and-foster.png</image:loc><image:title>May and Foster</image:title><image:caption>Arlene Foster, leader of the Democratic Union Party, and Theresa May, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and leader of the Conservative and Unionist Party</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-29T03:46:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/06/19/the-politics-of-prorogation-in-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/img_20170623_17311331.jpg</image:loc><image:title>IMG_20170623_1731133</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/anti-prorogation-protest-3.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anti-Prorogation Protest 3</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/anti-prorogation-protest-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Anti-Prorogation Protest 1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-07-02T12:01:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/04/the-o-canada-bill-third-reading-purgatory-linguistic-pedantry/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/o-canada-sen-macdonald.jpg</image:loc><image:title>O Canada (Sen MacDonald)</image:title><image:caption>This is not a sentence. It is gibberish.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/o-canada-thou-dost-in-us2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>O Canada (thou dost in us)</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/o-canada-in-all-of-us1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>O Canada (in all of us)</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/o-canada-all-thy-sons1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>O Canada (all thy sons)</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/o-canada-thou-dost-in-us11.jpg</image:loc><image:title>O Canada (thou dost in us)1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-18T20:38:49+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/05/19/thou-dost-in-us-command-senate-considers-restoring-original-lyrics-of-o-canada/</loc><lastmod>2017-06-18T20:38:10+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/05/31/o-canada-thou-dost-in-us-command/</loc><lastmod>2017-06-18T20:37:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/09/23/execute-order-66-the-royal-recommendation/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/william-pitt-in-the-commons.jpg</image:loc><image:title>William Pitt in the Commons</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/palpatine.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Palpatine</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-13T16:51:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/06/09/prime-minister-mays-bane-the-fixed-term-parliaments-act-and-the-perils-of-early-dissolution/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/balrog.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Balrog</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-10T16:19:33+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/06/10/the-1867-as-year-zero-school-of-canadian-history/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/boyko-and-paikin.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Boyko and Paikin</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-10T23:41:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/05/31/the-harry-potter-parliament-british-columbias-41st-legislature/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/prophecy.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Prophecy</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-06-01T03:32:20+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/05/07/prime-minister-mays-presidential-style/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/theresa-may.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Theresa May</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-05-07T18:57:09+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/20/how-the-general-election-of-2017-will-occur-in-practice/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/joe-clark.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Joe Clark</image:title><image:caption>Joe Clark accepts defeat, but did he ever accept his own innumeracy?</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-05-06T17:50:57+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/22/historical-resources-on-the-proceedings-of-house-of-commons-and-senate/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/bob-rae-in-1979.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Bob Rae in 1979</image:title><image:caption>Bob Rae on 12 December 1979</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-04-28T22:22:51+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/23/jacob-rees-mogg-and-jeremy-corbyn-expose-the-futility-of-the-fixed-term-parliaments-act-in-principle/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/andrew-marr-and-jeremy-corbyn.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Andrew Marr and Jeremy Corbyn</image:title><image:caption>Andrew Marr Interviews Jeremy Corbyn</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-04-28T22:21:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/18/more-on-the-fixed-term-parliaments-act/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/20161008_174622.jpg</image:loc></image:image><lastmod>2017-04-22T00:53:16+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/19/presentation-to-constitution-at-150-conference/</loc><lastmod>2017-04-22T00:52:11+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/18/british-prime-minister-theresa-may-calls-for-an-early-election-under-the-fixed-term-parliaments-act/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/may-early-election.jpg</image:loc><image:title>May Early Election</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-04-28T03:08:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/17/which-is-better-endnotes-or-footnotes/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/nerd-fight.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Nerd Fight</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-04-18T20:35:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/09/tony-blairs-canadian-style-of-prime-ministerial-government/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/tony-blair.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Tony Blair</image:title><image:caption>Tony Blair rolls his eyes at Whitehall. </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-04-09T17:11:00+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2015/07/24/canada-began-in-1791-a-critique-of-the-governments-canada-at-150-campaign/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/dorchester-9-online.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Dorchester-9-Online</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-04-07T18:33:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/04/07/justin-trudeau-will-make-prorogation-great-again/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/throne-speech.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Throne Speech</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-04-07T18:29:11+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/03/17/what-is-it-about-dissolution-that-everyone-finds-so-confusing/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/big-ben-tolls-at-midnight.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Big Ben Tolls at Midnight</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-03-21T17:05:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/10/23/parliamentary-oaths-in-the-westminster-system/</loc><lastmod>2017-10-07T15:06:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/10/24/a-true-parliamentarist-the-speaker-of-the-new-zealand-house-of-representatives-dr-lockwood-smith/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/speaker-lockwood-smith1.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>Speaker Lockwood Smith</image:title><image:caption>Speaker Dr. Lockwood Smith in full regelia -- including the wig!</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-03-15T02:36:46+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/12/11/parliamentarians-and-national-security/</loc><lastmod>2017-03-15T02:35:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/03/04/leslie-frost-prime-minister-of-ontario/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/john-robarts-prime-minister-of-ontario.jpg</image:loc><image:title>john-robarts-prime-minister-of-ontario</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/frost-1958-prime-minister-of-ontario-p.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Frost (1958) Prime Minister of Ontario p</image:title><image:caption>Leslie Frost, Prime Minister of Ontario, commemorates a building in downtown Toronto</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/frost-1957-prime-minister-of-ontario-p.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Frost (1957) Prime Minister of Ontario p</image:title><image:caption>Leslie Frost, Prime Minister of Ontario, commemorates the Tory Building</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-02-04T20:05:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/01/26/some-thoughts-on-typewriters/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/typewriter-3.jpg</image:loc><image:title>typewriter-3</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/typewriter-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>typewriter-2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/typewriter-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>typewriter-1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-02-01T14:01:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/06/13/ontarios-next-provincial-general-election-october-2018-not-june-2018/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/ontario-election-in-october-2018-not-june.png</image:loc><image:title>Ontario Election in October 2018, Not June</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/cp-ontario-election-in-2018.jpg</image:loc><image:title>CP Ontario Election in 2018</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-01-26T19:48:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/01/20/some-thoughts-on-censorship/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/tearing-down-statue-of-george-iii.jpg</image:loc><image:title>tearing-down-statue-of-george-iii</image:title><image:caption>Tearing down the statue of George III destroyed monarchy as a form of government everywhere, the world over.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-01-23T19:57:09+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2017/01/10/torontos-city-hall-perfectly-represents-toronto-itself/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/toronto-city-hall.jpg</image:loc><image:title>toronto-city-hall</image:title><image:caption>Never has architecture so perfectly represented attitude</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-01-12T17:44:48+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/12/25/the-old-house-of-commons-chamber-1866-1916/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/old-center-block-1898.jpg</image:loc><image:title>old-center-block-1898</image:title><image:caption>The Old House of Commons Chamber</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2016-12-31T05:43:40+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/12/22/ontarios-next-general-election-has-only-just-been-scheduled-for-june-2018/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/wynnememe.jpg</image:loc><image:title>wynnememe</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2017-02-23T03:25:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/12/21/kathleen-wynnes-fairy-tale-of-the-invincible-premier/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/kathleen-wynne.jpg</image:loc><image:title>kathleen-wynne</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2016-12-22T20:07:53+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/11/29/stop-appealing-to-the-governor-general-to-overthrow-responsible-government/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/letter-to-her-majesty-queen-elizabeth-ii-requesting-a-royal-inquiry-to-restore-canada-to-a-free-an.jpg</image:loc><image:title>letter-to-her-majesty-queen-elizabeth-ii-requesting-a-royal-inquiry-to-restore-canada-to-a-free-an</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2016-12-19T06:49:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/10/20/justin-trudeau-makes-john-pepalls-case-against-electoral-reform/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/belgium.png</image:loc><image:title>belgium</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2016-11-13T00:05:14+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/10/19/finally-a-media-outlet-writes-an-accurate-story-on-ontarios-next-provincial-election/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/journalist-meme1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>journalist-meme</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/journalist-meme.jpg</image:loc><image:title>journalist-meme</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2016-10-20T16:50:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/09/26/do-journalists-who-cover-ontario-politics-know-when-the-next-general-election-is-scheduled/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/kathleen-wynne-prorogues-legislature-for-throne-speech-monday-toronto-star.png</image:loc><image:title>kathleen-wynne-prorogues-legislature-for-throne-speech-monday-toronto-star</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/you-don-t-have-to-wait-till-2018-to-see-provincial-election-campaigns-tvo-org1.png</image:loc><image:title>you-don-t-have-to-wait-till-2018-to-see-provincial-election-campaigns-tvo-org</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2016-09-26T14:44:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/09/12/the-general-election-of-2019-will-probably-still-be-under-single-member-plurality/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/omalley-2016-09-electoral-reform.jpg</image:loc><image:title>omalley-2016-09-electoral-reform</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2016-09-13T23:01:57+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/07/01/who-is-canadas-longest-serving-prime-minister-the-answer-might-surprise-you/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/parliament-of-canada-youth-connection.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Parliament of Canada Youth Connection</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/mackenzie-king.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Mackenzie King</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2016-07-02T04:19:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/06/19/does-budget-2016-acknowledge-that-electoral-reform-wont-happen-before-2019/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/budget-2016.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Budget 2016</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2016-06-22T19:56:20+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/06/11/the-canadian-study-of-parliament-groups-conference-on-electoral-reform/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/parliament-of-canada-in-winter-200730042012_0000.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Parliament of Canada in Winter</image:title><image:caption>Photo by James Bowden in 2009</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2016-06-20T21:25:24+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/06/14/scott-reid-mentioned-my-article-on-electoral-reform-during-question-period/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/scott-reid-mentions-me-in-commons2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Scott Reid Mentions Me in Commons2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/scott-reid-mentions-me-in-commons.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Scott Reid Mentions Me in Commons</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2016-08-02T02:59:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/parliamentary-and-constitutional-documents/canada/primary-sources-on-succession-to-the-crown/</loc><lastmod>2016-06-11T23:44:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/06/05/stephane-dion-is-right/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/dion.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Dion</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2016-06-07T17:30:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/11/27/the-origins-of-prime-ministerial-centralization/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/pc-1935-3374-large.jpg</image:loc><image:title>PC 1935-3374.jpg-large</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/pearsons-instrument-of-advice-on-dissolution.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Pearson's Instrument of Advice on Dissolution</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/lester-pearson.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Lester Pearson</image:title><image:caption>Lester Pearson</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/mackenzie-king.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Mackenzie King</image:title><image:caption>Mackenzie King</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-01-21T09:21:41+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/03/25/a-response-to-the-broadbent-institutes-polemic-for-mixed-member-proportional-representation/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/mmp-in-nz.jpg</image:loc><image:title>MMP in NZ</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2016-05-26T20:47:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/02/08/in-defence-of-single-member-plurality/</loc><lastmod>2016-03-24T13:50:49+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/02/03/catching-a-glimpse-of-a-long-forgotten-country-the-great-fire-of-1916/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/library-of-parliament.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Library of Parliament</image:title><image:caption>The Library of Parliament stands as the last lonely redoubt of the Old Center Block.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/old-center-block.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Old Center Block</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2016-02-03T17:58:26+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2016/01/14/succession-planning/</loc><lastmod>2016-01-15T19:28:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/07/18/crowned-maces/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/virginian-mace1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Virginian Mace</image:title><image:caption>Here is the Virginian mace in its display case.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/portrait-of-the-queen-in-viriginian-legislature.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Portrait of the Queen in Viriginian Legislature</image:title><image:caption>My parents visited the Viriginian legislature in 2011 and took this photo of the official portraits of the Queen and Prince Phillip, who visisted in 2007 to mark the 400th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/virginian-mace.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Virginian Mace</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/south-carolinan-mace.jpg</image:loc><image:title>South Carolinan Mace</image:title><image:caption>Mace of the South Carolinian House of Representatives</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2015-08-25T13:50:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2015/04/09/the-mandate-problem-early-dissolutions-and-fixed-date-election-laws-in-prince-edward-island-and-alberta/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/wade-maclauchlan.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Wade MacLauchlan</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2015-04-09T13:50:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2015/04/06/the-peoples-republic-of-alberta-albertas-very-unparliamentary-style-of-politics/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/premier-prentice.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Premier Prentice</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2015-04-08T14:07:41+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/15/fixed-elections-stephen-harper-did-not-break-his-own-law-in-2008/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/stephen-harper-calgary-stampede.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Stephen Harper Calgary Stampede</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/stephen-harper.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Stephen Harper</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/chretien.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Chretien</image:title><image:caption>Two Early Dissolutions: "A Proof Is A Proof"</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2015-03-25T03:31:42+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2015/03/24/fixed-date-election-foibles-in-the-provinces/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/oldprentice.jpg</image:loc><image:title>OldPrentice</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2015-03-25T03:00:07+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/04/12/no-unilateral-dissolution/</loc><lastmod>2025-01-28T23:58:23+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2014/12/18/which-party-becomes-the-official-opposition-in-the-event-of-a-tie-canadian-provincial-precedents/</loc><lastmod>2015-01-05T22:07:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2014/04/04/lagasse-and-bowden-on-the-crown-as-corporation-sole-and-royal-succession/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/royal-succession-2014-04-04.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>Royal Succession 2014-04-04</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2014-04-21T15:45:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2014/03/29/the-ontario-young-liberals-blur-the-line-between-satire-and-genuineness/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/libranos.jpg</image:loc><image:title>libranos</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/house-of-cards-and-the-young-liberals.jpg</image:loc><image:title>House of Cards and the Young Liberals</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2014-03-30T23:32:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2014/03/05/premier-pauline-marois-copies-prime-minister-harper-fixed-date-elections-in-quebec/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/pauline-marois.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Pauline Marois</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2014-03-06T01:33:50+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/01/13/the-monarchist-league-of-canada-on-succession-to-the-crown/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/monarchist-leagues-new-view-on-sucession-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Monarchist League's New View on Sucession 2</image:title><image:caption>The Monarchist League of Canada. “Myths About the Monarchy” [accessed 31 January 2013].</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/monarchist-league-of-canada-on-succession-as-part-of-constitution-of-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Monarchist League of Canada on Succession as Part of Constitution of Canada</image:title><image:caption>The Monarchist League of Canada. "Myths About the Monarchy" [accessed 13 January 2013].</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2014-02-05T21:59:49+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/09/26/harpers-fourth-prorogation-looks-much-like-his-first/</loc><lastmod>2013-09-26T21:13:32+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/09/23/will-wynne-pull-a-harper-fixed-election-laws-and-dissolution-in-ontario/</loc><lastmod>2013-09-24T12:40:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/09/22/the-government-of-canadas-position-on-succession-in-1937-1943-1981/</loc><lastmod>2013-09-23T00:00:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/09/10/premier-wynne-adopts-prime-minister-harpers-tactics-on-early-dissolution-will-the-media-and-scholars-now-vilify-her-accordingly/</loc><lastmod>2013-09-18T01:46:06+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/06/29/prime-minister-king-and-the-government-of-canadas-position-on-succession-in-1936-1937/</loc><lastmod>2013-07-29T23:28:00+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/12/04/succeeding-to-the-canadian-throne/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/sdc13186.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Bowden &amp; Lagassé</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2013-10-13T01:14:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/12/25/the-queens-annual-christmas-message/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/queen-elizabeth-ii-at-christmas-address-2012.jpg</image:loc><image:title>BRITAIN-ROYALS-CHRISTMAS</image:title><image:caption>The Queen delivers Her annual Christmas Address</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2013-07-29T23:23:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/01/10/why-altering-the-succession-requires-a-constitutional-amendment/</loc><lastmod>2022-12-03T04:58:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/01/30/the-harper-governments-probably-unconstitutional-bill-on-succession-to-the-crown/</loc><lastmod>2013-07-29T23:17:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/02/06/my-column-in-the-ottawa-citizen-why-the-harper-governments-succession-bill-is-unconstitutional/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/bowden-4-february-2013-ottawa-citizen-photo.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Bowden (4 February 2013) Ottawa Citizen, Photo</image:title><image:caption>I thank David Watson and the editorial staff at the Ottawa Citizen for having publishing my column!</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-12-03T01:37:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/02/13/succession-falls-under-the-office-of-queen/</loc><lastmod>2013-07-29T23:14:22+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/06/07/constitutional-lawyers-challenge-the-succession-to-the-throne-act/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/imperial-state-crown.png</image:loc><image:title>Imperial State Crown</image:title><image:caption>The Imperial State Crown</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2013-07-29T23:13:03+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/06/11/andre-binette-on-motard-taillons-legal-challenge-to-the-succession-law/</loc><lastmod>2017-08-28T08:46:08+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/06/27/anne-twomey-on-succession-to-the-crown-of-canada-and-good-evidence-of-the-personal-union/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/queen-elizabeth-ii-of-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Queen Elizabeth II of Canada</image:title><image:caption>The Canadian Royal Standard as a crest</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/queen-elizabeth-ii-of-the-uk.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom</image:title><image:caption>The British Royal Standard as a crest</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/princess-elizabeth.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Princess Elizabeth's Personal Heraldry</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-12-03T01:46:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/07/02/law-professors-from-the-university-of-ottawa-on-succession-to-the-crown/</loc><lastmod>2013-07-29T23:09:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/07/02/succession-to-the-crowns-in-australasia-succession-as-part-of-canadian-law/</loc><lastmod>2013-07-02T21:32:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/06/21/lucky-pierre-by-gilbert-bowden/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/pierre-trudeau.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Pierre Trudeau</image:title><image:caption>Lucky Pierre</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2016-10-30T05:26:40+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/06/13/toronto-newspaper-attacks-the-undemocratic-centralization-of-power-in-the-prime-minister/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/stop-harper.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Stop Harper!</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2013-06-23T14:29:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/12/27/david-johnston-on-the-constitutional-relationship-between-the-governor-general-and-the-prime-minister/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/governor-general-johnston.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Governor General Johnston</image:title><image:caption>Governor General Johnston talks to Sandie Rinaldo of CTV News</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2013-06-10T15:00:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/02/28/david-onley-defends-responsible-government/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/ottawa-citizen-onley-provides-much-needed-education-3.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Ottawa Citizen, Onley Provides Much Needed Education 3</image:title><image:caption>Bowden &amp; MacDonald, "Ottawa Citizen, Onley Provides Much Needed Education" </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/david-onley-speech-from-the-throne.jpg</image:loc><image:title>David Onley, Speech from the Throne</image:title><image:caption>David Onley leads the procession before reading the Speech from the Throne. </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2013-06-10T14:59:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/04/15/a-prorogation-similar-in-principle/</loc><lastmod>2013-06-05T16:49:59+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/05/23/the-confidence-convention-in-ontario-how-the-standing-orders-kept-the-wynne-government-in-power/</loc><lastmod>2013-05-26T00:30:07+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/02/14/justin-trudeau/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/justin-trudeau1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Justin Trudeau</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/justin-trudeau.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Justin Trudeau</image:title><image:caption>Justin Trudeau: hoisted on his own petard?</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2013-04-22T15:06:06+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/03/20/the-wrong-way-to-limit-a-premiers-power-to-prorogue/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/dalton-mcguinty.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Dalton McGuinty</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2013-04-03T04:19:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/10/17/mcguinty-has-every-right-to-prorogue/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/ottawa-citizen-mcguinty-has-every-right-to-prorogue.jpg</image:loc><image:title>"McGuinty Has Every Right to Prorogue: It's a Legitimate Political Tool, Not Abuse of Power</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2013-03-18T08:26:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/08/22/the-pq-constitutional-vandalism/</loc><lastmod>2013-02-10T18:18:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/02/20/dawson-and-forsey-clash-on-the-prorogation-of-2008/</loc><lastmod>2013-12-09T08:24:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2013/01/23/conservative-partisans-celebrate-the-wrong-date-transitions-between-ministries-in-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/cpc-on-january-231.jpg</image:loc><image:title>CPC on January 23</image:title><image:caption>Can you spot the two errors from the Conservative Party's website?</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/parm-gill-on-the-harper-government.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Parm Gill on the Harper Government</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2013-01-28T06:19:11+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/12/05/succeeding-to-the-australian-throne/</loc><lastmod>2022-12-04T06:42:41+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/10/26/the-first-edition-of-the-british-cabinet-manual-is-now-available/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/british-crest1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>British Crest</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2012-12-30T19:40:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/10/27/the-harper-governments-senate-reform-bill/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/constitution-act-1982.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Constitution Act, 1982</image:title><image:caption>The Queen's Proclamation of the Constitution Act, 1982</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/bert-brown.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Bert Brown</image:title><image:caption>Bert Brown</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/senate-of-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Senate of Canada</image:title><image:caption>The Red Chamber</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-12-30T19:38:09+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/11/20/the-royal-line-of-succession-coordinating-the-act-of-settlement-and-the-16-commonwealth-realms/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/statute-of-westminster-tidridge-2011-47.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Statute of Westminster (Tidridge 2011, 47)</image:title><image:caption>Tidridge shows that the Statute of Westminster, 1931 formally created the independent crowns of the Commonwealth Realms. </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/act-of-settlement.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Reporduktion des "Act of Settlement" im Leibniz-Saal des Niedersächsischen Landtages.</image:title><image:caption>The Act of Settlement, "William III By the Grace of God"</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/queen-elizabeth-ii-at-chogm-2011.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>Queen Elizabeth II at CHOGM 2011</image:title><image:caption>Queen Elizabeth II Opens CHOGM 2011 in Perth.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-12-04T09:20:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/09/22/the-new-democrats%e2%80%99-ignorance-of-the-constitution-on-electoral-redistribution/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/favouring-quebec-in-parliament-is-illegal-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Favouring Quebec in Parliament Is Illegal 2</image:title><image:caption>Bowden, National Post</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-12-06T04:31:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/11/24/only-the-governors-or-royals-should-confer-honours-upon-deserving-canadians/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/justin-bieber.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Justin Bieber</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2012-11-26T04:53:41+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/11/10/hamilton-responsible-government/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/alexander-hamilton.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Alexander Hamilton</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2012-11-20T17:09:58+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/11/08/the-liberals-adopt-primaries-for-selecting-next-leader/</loc><lastmod>2012-11-18T00:49:48+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/11/14/alex-salmond-and-the-scottish-national-party-on-an-independent-scotland-restoration-of-the-personal-union-of-the-crowns-of-scotland-and-england/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/personal-union.png</image:loc><image:title>Personal Union</image:title><image:caption>James I: The English rose and Scottish thristle represent the separate kingdoms of England and Scotland that fall under the same crown in a personal union. </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/scottish-parliament.png</image:loc><image:title>Scottish Parliament</image:title><image:caption>The Scottish Parliament adopted the semi-circular seating arrangment of the New Zealand and Australian Houses.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/alex-salmond.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Alex Salmond</image:title><image:caption>Alex Salmond and the Cross of Saint Andrew</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-11-18T00:48:40+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/12/21/constitutional-crisis-in-papua-new-guinea-codification-causes-confusion/</loc><lastmod>2013-05-02T15:28:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/11/21/the-liberal-partys-roadmap-to-renewal-leads-to-closed-primaries/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/liberal.png</image:loc><image:title>Liberal</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2012-11-18T00:26:28+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/11/28/constitutional-scholarship-or-political-activism-the-role-of-the-academy-following-the-coalition-prorogation-crisis-of-2008/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/queen-and-pm-harper.jpeg</image:loc><image:title>Queen and PM Harper</image:title><image:caption>The Dignified and the Efficient Parts of the Crown</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/crown.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Crown</image:title><image:caption>The Crown emcompasses both the Governor General and the Prime Minister, as this most excellent diagram demonstrates.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2020-10-28T03:54:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/12/11/the-speakership-of-the-new-zealand-house-of-representatives/</loc><lastmod>2012-11-17T18:13:30+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/12/24/a-parliamentarists-christmas-the-christian-origins-of-the-westminster-system/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/dominion-of-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Dominion of Canada</image:title><image:caption>The Coat of Arms of the Dominion of Canada </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/parliament-of-canada-the-hall-of-honour2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Parliament of Canada, the Hall of Honour</image:title><image:caption>Hall of Honour</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/parliament-of-canada-rotunda-and-hall-of-honour.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Parliament of Canada, Rotunda and Hall of Honour</image:title><image:caption>The Rotunda </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-11-17T17:48:33+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/12/28/the-adoption-of-the-maple-leaf-may-have-saved-constitutional-monarchy/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/new-zealand-flag.png</image:loc><image:title>New Zealand Flag</image:title><image:caption>New Zealand's flag  also depicts the Union Flag in the canton and the Southern Cross.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/australian-flag.png</image:loc><image:title>Australian Flag</image:title><image:caption>The Australian Flag contains the Southern Cross (the constellation on the right) as well as the Commonwealth Star</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/canadian-red-ensign-1956-1965.png</image:loc><image:title>Canadian Red Ensign (1957-1965)</image:title><image:caption>The final design of our old national flag, the Canadian Red Ensign, flew proudly from 1956 to 1965</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2018-11-25T03:43:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/12/30/right-wing-monarchists-and-left-wing-republicans/</loc><lastmod>2012-11-17T05:10:17+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/01/16/review-of-canadas-constitutional-monarchy-by-nathan-tidridge/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/the-compound-monarchy-tidrigde-2011-79.jpg</image:loc><image:title>The Compound Monarchy (Tidrigde 2011, 79)</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2019-02-22T15:16:52+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/01/28/david-starkeys-historical-documentaries-on-the-monarchy/</loc><lastmod>2022-09-20T05:56:59+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/03/06/the-civil-service-not-the-public-service/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/langevin-block-pco-gc-ca.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Langevin Block, pco.gc.ca</image:title><image:caption>The Center of the Civil Service of Canada</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-11-10T23:26:10+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/03/11/the-prime-minister-does-not-represent-all-canadians/</loc><lastmod>2012-11-10T23:23:37+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/05/06/commons-committee-on-canadian-heritage-officialization-of-protocol/</loc><lastmod>2012-11-10T22:52:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/06/18/presidents-shouldnt-play-the-game-of-thrones/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/president-bushs-head-on-a-pike.jpg</image:loc><image:title>President Bush's Head on a Pike</image:title><image:caption>A long-haired prosthetic likeness of a head of a head of state adorns a pike in King's Landing. </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-11-10T22:48:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/02/23/when-phds-dont-understand-westminster-parliamentarism/</loc><lastmod>2024-01-15T16:53:39+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/02/26/crown-prerogative-on-defence/</loc><lastmod>2012-11-10T22:15:30+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/03/20/mli-debate-on-the-crown/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/michael-bliss.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Michael Bliss</image:title><image:caption>Michael Bliss</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/john-fraser.jpg</image:loc><image:title>John Fraser</image:title><image:caption>John Fraser</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-11-10T22:11:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/03/29/abolishing-the-crown-of-canada-political-difficulty-versus-constitutional-significance/</loc><lastmod>2013-01-08T22:56:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/04/13/constitutional-issues-in-the-albertan-leaders-debate/</loc><lastmod>2013-03-09T12:51:59+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/05/17/debate-on-prime-ministerial-power/</loc><lastmod>2012-11-10T20:13:18+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/07/02/prorogation-should-remain-a-prime-ministerial-power/</loc><lastmod>2012-11-10T19:22:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/08/29/pch-protocol-handbook/</loc><lastmod>2019-05-24T12:15:58+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/09/03/jack-layton-and-the-prime-ministers-prerogative-to-offer-state-funerals/</loc><lastmod>2012-11-10T19:05:20+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/09/26/writing-the-unwritten/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/dscf1906-e1348635021772.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Writing the Unwritten</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/dscf1898-e1348634904375.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Journal of Parliamentary and Political Law</image:title><image:caption>Journal of Parliamentary and Political Law, Volume 6, Issue 2, August 2012</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2017-09-06T17:26:06+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/10/20/in-vogue-to-prorogue/</loc><lastmod>2025-08-02T14:02:40+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/11/05/what-i-remember-on-the-fifth-of-november-the-glorious-revolution-over-guy-fawkes/</loc><lastmod>2012-11-10T18:55:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/07/14/the-accidental-development-of-cabinet-government/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/robert-walpole.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Robert Walpole</image:title><image:caption>Sir Robert Walpole, the UK's first de facto Prime Minister</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/george-i.jpg</image:loc><image:title>George I</image:title><image:caption>George I </image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-11-05T16:33:20+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/22/fixed-elections-in-the-provinces-part-iii-analyses-and-conclusions/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/responsible-government1.gif</image:loc><image:title>Responsible Government</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/mcguinty.jpg</image:loc><image:title>mcguinty</image:title><image:caption>Premier McGuinty of Ontario</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/christy-clark.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Christy Clark</image:title><image:caption>Christy Clark, Leader of the BC Liberals and Premier of British Columbia</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-10-22T15:39:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/21/fixed-elections-in-the-provinces-part-ii/</loc><lastmod>2012-10-22T15:37:54+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/20/fixed-elections-in-the-provinces-part-i/</loc><lastmod>2012-10-22T15:37:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/11/the-%e2%80%9crepublic-of-canada-est-1837%e2%80%9d-distortion-of-history-and-of-responsible-government/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/republic-of-canada-flag.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Republic of Canada, Flag</image:title><image:caption>The flag of the "Republic of Canada"</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/t-shirts-of-the-republic-of-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>T-shirts of the Republic of Canada</image:title><image:caption>Republic of Canada "Since" 1837? That doesn't make sense!</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2022-08-12T18:27:44+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/09/george-iii-and-the-loss-of-the-american-colonies/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/lord-north.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Lord North</image:title><image:caption>Prime Minister Lord North: The Man Responsible for "Taxation Without Representation"</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/george-iii1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>George III</image:title><image:caption>George III</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/george-iii.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Charles II: The Power and The Passion</image:title><image:caption>Charles II: The Power and The Passion</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-10-14T17:30:15+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/10/13/the-history-of-senate-reform-1867-to-1913/</loc><lastmod>2012-12-10T13:42:32+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/01/the-westminster-origins-of-the-united-states-congress/</loc><lastmod>2012-06-30T16:44:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/09/16/the-westminster-origins-of-the-united-states-congress-on-parliamentary-privilege/</loc><lastmod>2012-06-21T05:48:37+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/09/22/the-macdonald-laurier-institute-and-an-early-debate-on-the-crown-of-canada/</loc><lastmod>2013-12-11T04:42:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/11/15/the-cameron-government-will-adopt-a-clarity-act-for-the-salmonds-referendum-on-scottish-independence/</loc><lastmod>2012-06-17T20:14:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/07/28/two-swords-and-one-inch-apart/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/nz-house-of-representatives-11.jpg</image:loc><image:title>NZ House of Representatives 1</image:title><image:caption>The New Zealand House of Representatives uses desks like ours</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/canadian-house-of-commons-13.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Canadian House of Commons 1</image:title><image:caption>Canadian House of Commons</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/new-zealand-house-of-representatives-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>New Zealand House of Representatives 2</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/nz-house-of-representatives-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>NZ House of Representatives 1</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/australian-house-of-representatives-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Australian House of Representatives 1</image:title><image:caption>The horseshoe configuration of the Australian House of Representatives</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/british-house-of-commons-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>British House of Commons 1</image:title><image:caption>The benches and narrow aisle of the British House of Commons</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/canadian-house-of-commons-1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Canadian House of Commons 1</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2022-07-07T13:34:45+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/10/08/british-question-time-better-supports-parliaments-core-function/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/shelia-copps.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Shelia Copps</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/michael-chong.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Michael Chong</image:title></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/peter-milliken.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Peter Milliken</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2012-06-17T20:01:49+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/10/05/the-myth-of-civility-and-decorum-in-the-british-house-of-commons/</loc><lastmod>2012-06-17T20:00:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/10/03/decorum-in-the-australian-house-of-representatives/</loc><lastmod>2012-06-17T19:59:53+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/09/20/the-new-democrats-anti-constitutional-stance-on-electoral-redistribution/</loc><lastmod>2012-06-17T19:58:13+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/02/parliamentary-privilege-and-national-security/</loc><lastmod>2012-06-17T19:52:53+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/09/10/reversal-of-republicanism-by-stealth/</loc><lastmod>2012-06-06T20:08:07+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/07/30/the-king%e2%80%99s-speech-in-documentary-form/</loc><lastmod>2012-06-06T20:07:19+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/07/10/in-defence-of-parliamentaris/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/charles-i.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Charles I</image:title><image:caption>Charles I paid the price for pushing parliament too far. </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/british-parliament1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>British Parliament</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2012-06-06T20:06:07+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/parliamentary-and-constitutional-documents/commonwealth/</loc><lastmod>2012-04-29T16:37:00+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/07/31/defining-canada%e2%80%99s-constitution-canada-did-have-one-before-trudeau-and-1982/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/queen-and-constitution.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Queen and constitution</image:title><image:caption>Queen Elizabeth II signs off on patriation</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/confederation.gif</image:loc><image:title>Confederation</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2012-04-13T16:02:31+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/11/the-components-of-canadas-written-constitution/</loc><lastmod>2012-04-13T16:02:12+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/07/17/republican-ignorance-of-parliamentarism-and-constitutional-monarchy/</loc><lastmod>2012-03-19T16:47:55+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/parliamentary-and-constitutional-documents/united-kingdom/</loc><lastmod>2012-02-27T04:40:01+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/parliamentary-and-constitutional-documents/new-zealand/</loc><lastmod>2012-02-27T04:39:04+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/parliamentary-and-constitutional-documents/australia/</loc><lastmod>2012-02-27T04:36:06+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>weekly</changefreq><priority>0.6</priority></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/09/30/cabinet-appointments-and-by-elections/</loc><lastmod>2012-02-20T01:29:05+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/31/primaries-in-a-parliamentary-system/</loc><lastmod>2012-02-20T01:27:35+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2012/02/09/minister-kenney-on-the-crown-in-canada/</loc><lastmod>2014-07-05T19:48:47+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/09/29/presidentialism-vs-parliamentarism-in-the-west-wing/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/toby-ziegler.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Toby Ziegler</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2012-02-10T05:40:27+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/21/fareed-zakaria-is-right-about-parliamentarism%e2%80%99s-efficiency-but-wrong-on-how-it-works/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/fareed-zakaria.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Fareed Zakaria</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2012-02-10T05:03:56+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/27/her-majestys-loyal-opposition/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/her-majesty-his-excellency-and-the-pm.png</image:loc><image:title>Her Majesty, His Excellency, and the PM</image:title><image:caption>Her Majesty the Queen of Canada, His Excellency the Governor General, and the Right Honourable the Prime Minister. The Leader of the Opposition does not figure into this equation. </image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/her-majesty-and-harper.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Her Majesty and Harper</image:title><image:caption>The Crown (the Queen in the UK and the Governors in the core Commonwealth) appoints the first minister -- but not the Leader of the Opposition!</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/her-majesty-and-ignatieff.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Her Majesty and Ignatieff</image:title><image:caption>Westminster Parliamentarism presumes the loyalty of the Leader of Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition. Without this understanding, the system disintegrates.</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-01-10T07:26:11+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/18/republican-ignorance-of-the-commonwealth-realms-saddens-one-canadian/</loc><lastmod>2012-01-10T07:23:21+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/10/18/the-manual-of-official-procedure-of-the-government-of-canada/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/main-book-cover-2.jpg</image:loc><image:title>S</image:title></image:image><lastmod>2012-01-10T07:18:34+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/08/09/senate-reform-and-responsible-government/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/responsible-government.gif</image:loc><image:title>Responsible Government</image:title><image:caption>The Parliament of Australia's official explanation states that the government must depend upon the House of Representatives -- not both Houses.</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/senate-of-australia1.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Senate of Australia</image:title><image:caption>Senate of Australia</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/senate-of-australia.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Senate of Australia</image:title><image:caption>Senate of Australia</image:caption></image:image><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/senate-of-canada.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Senate of Canada</image:title><image:caption>Senate of Canada</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-01-10T06:59:29+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/07/29/irresponsible-government-and-the-american-system/</loc><image:image><image:loc>https://parliamentum.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/dysfunctional-congress.jpg</image:loc><image:title>Dysfunctional Congress</image:title><image:caption>The Dysfunctional Congress</image:caption></image:image><lastmod>2012-01-10T06:44:36+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org/2011/09/28/presidentialism-vs-parliamentarism/</loc><lastmod>2012-01-10T06:36:06+00:00</lastmod><changefreq>monthly</changefreq></url><url><loc>https://parliamentum.org</loc><changefreq>daily</changefreq><priority>1.0</priority><lastmod>2026-04-03T15:48:08+00:00</lastmod></url></urlset>
